c++学生管理信息系统
要求: 学生信息包括：学号，姓名，年龄，性别，出生年月，政治面貌，籍贯，家庭住址，电话，E-mail等。试设计一学生信息管理系统，使之能提供以下功能：
（1）系统以菜单方式工作
（2）学生信息录入功能（学生信息用文件保存）
（3）学生信息浏览功能
（4）学生信息排序、查询功能对信息进行排序，可以按学号，按姓名，按性别，按出生年月日，按籍贯进行查询
（5）信息统计
a) 可以按性别，按出生年，按籍贯统计学生人数
b) 可以按班级统计学生人数
c) 可以按政治面貌统计学生人数按班级统计学生党员人数，团员人数，以及所占比例，设计并输出统计报表。
（6）学生信息的删除与修改
以下是一个简单的学生信息管理系统的C语言实现：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_STUDENT_NUM 100 // 最大学生数
#define MAX_NAME_LEN 20 // 姓名最大长度
#define MAX_ADDRESS_LEN 50 // 地址最大长度
#define MAX_PHONE_LEN 20 // 电话最大长度
#define MAX_EMAIL_LEN 50 // 邮箱最大长度
// 学生信息结构体
typedef struct {
char id[10]; // 学号
char name[MAX_NAME_LEN]; // 姓名
int age; // 年龄
char gender; // 性别
char birth[11]; // 出生年月日
char political_status[20]; // 政治面貌
char hometown[20]; // 籍贯
char address[MAX_ADDRESS_LEN]; // 家庭住址
char phone[MAX_PHONE_LEN]; // 电话
char email[MAX_EMAIL_LEN]; // 邮箱
} Student;
// 学生信息数组
Student students[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];
int student_num = 0; // 学生数
// 读取学生信息文件
void read_student_file() {
FILE *fp = fopen("students.txt", "r");
if (fp == NULL) {
printf("无法打开学生信息文件！\n");
return;
}
while (!feof(fp)) {
fscanf(fp, "%s %s %d %c %s %s %s %s %s %s\n", students[student_num].id, students[student_num].name, &students[student_num].age, &students[student_num].gender, students[student_num].birth, students[student_num].political_status, students[student_num].hometown, students[student_num].address, students[student_num].phone, students[student_num].email);
student_num++;
}
fclose(fp);
}
// 保存学生信息文件
void save_student_file() {
FILE *fp = fopen("students.txt", "w");
if (fp == NULL) {
printf("无法打开学生信息文件！\n");
return;
}
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
fprintf(fp, "%s %s %d %c %s %s %s %s %s %s\n", students[i].id, students[i].name, students[i].age, students[i].gender, students[i].birth, students[i].political_status, students[i].hometown, students[i].address, students[i].phone, students[i].email);
}
fclose(fp);
}
// 录入学生信息
void input_student_info() {
printf("请输入学生信息：\n");
printf("学号：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].id);
printf("姓名：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].name);
printf("年龄：");
scanf("%d", &students[student_num].age);
printf("性别：");
scanf(" %c", &students[student_num].gender);
printf("出生年月日（格式：yyyy-mm-dd）：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].birth);
printf("政治面貌：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].political_status);
printf("籍贯：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].hometown);
printf("家庭住址：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].address);
printf("电话：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].phone);
printf("邮箱：");
scanf("%s", students[student_num].email);
student_num++;
printf("学生信息录入成功！\n");
}
// 显示学生信息
void show_student_info(Student student) {
printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%c\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", student.id, student.name, student.age, student.gender, student.birth, student.political_status, student.hometown, student.address, student.phone, student.email);
}
// 浏览学生信息
void browse_student_info() {
printf("学号\t姓名\t年龄\t性别\t出生年月日\t政治面貌\t籍贯\t家庭住址\t电话\t邮箱\n");
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
show_student_info(students[i]);
}
}
// 按学号排序
int cmp_by_id(const void *a, const void *b) {
return strcmp(((Student *)a)->id, ((Student *)b)->id);
}
// 按姓名排序
int cmp_by_name(const void *a, const void *b) {
return strcmp(((Student *)a)->name, ((Student *)b)->name);
}
// 按性别排序
int cmp_by_gender(const void *a, const void *b) {
return ((Student *)a)->gender - ((Student *)b)->gender;
}
// 按出生年月日排序
int cmp_by_birth(const void *a, const void *b) {
return strcmp(((Student *)a)->birth, ((Student *)b)->birth);
}
// 按籍贯排序
int cmp_by_hometown(const void *a, const void *b) {
return strcmp(((Student *)a)->hometown, ((Student *)b)->hometown);
}
// 排序学生信息
void sort_student_info() {
printf("请选择排序方式：\n");
printf("1. 按学号排序\n");
printf("2. 按姓名排序\n");
printf("3. 按性别排序\n");
printf("4. 按出生年月日排序\n");
printf("5. 按籍贯排序\n");
int choice;
scanf("%d", &choice);
switch (choice) {
case 1:
qsort(students, student_num, sizeof(Student), cmp_by_id);
printf("按学号排序成功！\n");
break;
case 2:
qsort(students, student_num, sizeof(Student), cmp_by_name);
printf("按姓名排序成功！\n");
break;
case 3:
qsort(students, student_num, sizeof(Student), cmp_by_gender);
printf("按性别排序成功！\n");
break;
case 4:
qsort(students, student_num, sizeof(Student), cmp_by_birth);
printf("按出生年月日排序成功！\n");
break;
case 5:
qsort(students, student_num, sizeof(Student), cmp_by_hometown);
printf("按籍贯排序成功！\n");
break;
default:
printf("无效的选择！\n");
break;
}
}
// 查询学生信息
void query_student_info() {
printf("请选择查询方式：\n");
printf("1. 按学号查询\n");
printf("2. 按姓名查询\n");
printf("3. 按性别查询\n");
printf("4. 按出生年月日查询\n");
printf("5. 按籍贯查询\n");
int choice;
scanf("%d", &choice);
switch (choice) {
case 1:
printf("请输入学号：");
char id[10];
scanf("%s", id);
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
if (strcmp(students[i].id, id) == 0) {
show_student_info(students[i]);
return;
}
}
printf("未找到该学生！\n");
break;
case 2:
printf("请输入姓名：");
char name[MAX_NAME_LEN];
scanf("%s", name);
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
if (strcmp(students[i].name, name) == 0) {
show_student_info(students[i]);
}
}
break;
case 3:
printf("请输入性别（M/F）：");
char gender;
scanf(" %c", &gender);
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
if (students[i].gender == gender) {
show_student_info(students[i]);
}
}
break;
case 4:
printf("请输入出生年月日（格式：yyyy-mm-dd）：");
char birth[11];
scanf("%s", birth);
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
if (strcmp(students[i].birth, birth) == 0) {
show_student_info(students[i]);
}
}
break;
case 5:
printf("请输入籍贯：");
char hometown[20];
scanf("%s", hometown);
for (int i = 0; i < student_num; i++) {
if (strcmp(students[i].hometown, hometown) == 0) {
show_student_info(students[i]);
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
struct Student {
int studentId;
std::string name;
int age;
std::string gender;
std::string birthDate;
std::string politicalStatus;
std::string hometown;
std::string address;
std::string phone;
std::string email;
};
void saveStudentInfo(const Student& student) {
std::ofstream file("student_info.txt", std::ios::app);
file << student.studentId << " " << student.name << " " << student.age << " " << student.gender << " "
<< student.birthDate << " " << student.politicalStatus << " " << student.hometown << " "
<< student.address << " " << student.phone << " " << student.email << std::endl;
file.close();
}
std::vector<Student> loadStudentInfo() {
std::vector<Student> students;
std::ifstream file("student_info.txt");
if (file.is_open()) {
int studentId, age;
std::string name, gender, birthDate, politicalStatus, hometown, address, phone, email;
while (file >> studentId >> name >> age >> gender >> birthDate >> politicalStatus >> hometown >> address >> phone >> email) {
students.push_back({ studentId, name, age, gender, birthDate, politicalStatus, hometown, address, phone, email });
}
file.close();
}
return students;
}
void displayStudentInfo(const Student& student) {
std::cout << "学号: " << student.studentId << std::endl;
std::cout << "姓名: " << student.name << std::endl;
std::cout << "年龄: " << student.age << std::endl;
std::cout << "性别: " << student.gender << std::endl;
std::cout << "出生年月: " << student.birthDate << std::endl;
std::cout << "政治面貌: " << student.politicalStatus << std::endl;
std::cout << "籍贯: " << student.hometown << std::endl;
std::cout << "家庭住址: " << student.address << std::endl;
std::cout << "电话: " << student.phone << std::endl;
std::cout << "E-mail: " << student.email << std::endl;
std::cout << std::endl;
}
void browseStudentInfo() {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
for (const auto& student : students) {
displayStudentInfo(student);
}
}
bool compareByStudentId(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.studentId < s2.studentId;
}
bool compareByName(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.name < s2.name;
}
bool compareByGender(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.gender < s2.gender;
}
bool compareByBirthDate(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.birthDate < s2.birthDate;
}
bool compareByHometown(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.hometown < s2.hometown;
}
void sortStudentInfo(int option) {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
switch (option) {
case 1:
std::sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByStudentId);
break;
case 2:
std::sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByName);
break;
case 3:
std::sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByGender);
break;
case 4:
std::sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByBirthDate);
break;
case 5:
std::sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByHometown);
break;
default:
std::cout << "无效的选项！" << std::endl;
return;
}
for (const auto& student : students) {
displayStudentInfo(student);
}
}
void searchStudentInfo(int option, const std::string& keyword) {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
std::vector<Student> searchResults;
switch (option) {
case 1:
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.name == keyword) {
searchResults.push_back(student);
}
}
break;
case 2:
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.gender == keyword) {
searchResults.push_back(student);
}
}
break;
case 3:
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.birthDate == keyword) {
searchResults.push_back(student);
}
}
break;
case 4:
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.hometown == keyword) {
searchResults.push_back(student);
}
}
break;
default:
std::cout << "无效的选项！" << std::endl;
return;
}
for (const auto& student : searchResults) {
displayStudentInfo(student);
}
}
void countByGender() {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
int maleCount = 0, femaleCount = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.gender == "男") {
maleCount++;
}
else if (student.gender == "女") {
femaleCount++;
}
}
std::cout << "男性学生人数: " << maleCount << std::endl;
std::cout << "女性学生人数: " << femaleCount << std::endl;
}
void countByBirthYear() {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
std::vector<int> birthYears;
for (const auto& student : students) {
std::string year = student.birthDate.substr(0, 4);
int birthYear = std::stoi(year);
if (std::find(birthYears.begin(), birthYears.end(), birthYear) == birthYears.end()) {
birthYears.push_back(birthYear);
}
}
for (const auto& year : birthYears) {
int count = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
std::string studentYear = student.birthDate.substr(0, 4);
int studentBirthYear = std::stoi(studentYear);
if (studentBirthYear == year) {
count++;
}
}
std::cout << year << "年出生的学生人数: " << count << std::endl;
}
}
void countByPoliticalStatus() {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
std::vector<std::string> politicalStatuses;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (std::find(politicalStatuses.begin(), politicalStatuses.end(), student.politicalStatus) == politicalStatuses.end()) {
politicalStatuses.push_back(student.politicalStatus);
}
}
for (const auto& politicalStatus : politicalStatuses) {
int count = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.politicalStatus == politicalStatus) {
count++;
}
}
std::cout << politicalStatus << "学生人数: " << count << std::endl;
}
}
void countByClass() {
std::vector<Student> students = loadStudentInfo();
std::vector<std::string> classes;
for (const auto& student : students) {
std::string studentClass = student.name.substr(0, 2);
if (std::find(classes.begin(), classes.end(), studentClass) == classes.end()) {
classes.push_back(studentClass);
}
}
for (const auto& studentClass : classes) {
int count = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
std::string studentClass = student.name.substr(0, 2);
if (studentClass == studentClass) {
count++;
}
}
std::cout << studentClass << "班学生人数: " << count << std::endl;
}
}
void displayMenu() {
std::cout << "学生信息管理系统" << std::endl;
std::cout << "1. 显示所有学生信息" << std::endl;
std::cout << "2. 按学号排序" << std::endl;
std::cout << "3. 按姓名排序" << std::endl;
std::cout << "4. 按性别排序" << std::endl;
std::cout << "5. 按出生日期排序" << std::endl;
std::cout << "6. 按籍贯排序" << std::endl;
std::cout << "7. 搜索学生信息" << std::endl;
std::cout << "8. 统计男女学生人数" << std::endl;
std::cout << "9. 统计出生年份学生人数" << std::endl;
std::cout << "10. 统计政治面貌学生人数" << std::endl;
std::cout << "11. 统计班级学生人数" << std::endl;
std::cout << "0. 退出程序" << std::endl;
}
int main() {
while (true) {
displayMenu();
int option;
std::cout << "请输入选项: ";
std::cin >> option;
if (option == 0) {
break;
}
switch (option) {
case 1:
browseStudentInfo();
break;
case 2:
sortStudentInfo(option);
break;
case 3:
sortStudentInfo(option);
break;
case 4:
sortStudentInfo(option);
break;
case 5:
sortStudentInfo(option);
break;
case 6:
sortStudentInfo(option);
break;
case 7: {
int searchOption;
std::string keyword;
std::cout << "请输入搜索选项: ";
std::cin >> searchOption;
std::cout << "请输入关键词: ";
std::cin >> keyword;
searchStudentInfo(searchOption, keyword);
break;
}
case 8:
countByGender();
break;
case 9:
countByBirthYear();
break;
case 10:
countByPoliticalStatus();
break;
case 11:
countByClass();
break;
default:
std::cout << "无效的选项！" << std::endl;
break;
}
}
return 0;
}
这种直接拿chatgpt一搜全是。
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
struct Student {
string studentId;
string name;
int age;
string gender;
string birthDate;
string politicalStatus;
string hometown;
string address;
string phone;
string email;
};
vector<Student> students;
void displayMenu() {
cout << "1. 学生信息录入" << endl;
cout << "2. 学生信息浏览" << endl;
cout << "3. 学生信息排序和查询" << endl;
cout << "4. 信息统计" << endl;
cout << "5. 学生信息的删除与修改" << endl;
cout << "0. 退出程序" << endl;
cout << "请输入菜单选项：";
}
void addStudent() {
Student student;
cout << "请输入学生信息：" << endl;
cout << "学号: ";
cin >> student.studentId;
cout << "姓名: ";
cin >> student.name;
cout << "年龄: ";
cin >> student.age;
cout << "性别: ";
cin >> student.gender;
cout << "出生年月: ";
cin >> student.birthDate;
cout << "政治面貌: ";
cin >> student.politicalStatus;
cout << "籍贯: ";
cin >> student.hometown;
cout << "家庭住址: ";
cin >> student.address;
cout << "电话: ";
cin >> student.phone;
cout << "E-mail: ";
cin >> student.email;
students.push_back(student);
// 将学生信息写入文件
ofstream file("students.txt", ios::app);
file << student.studentId << " "
<< student.name << " "
<< student.age << " "
<< student.gender << " "
<< student.birthDate << " "
<< student.politicalStatus << " "
<< student.hometown << " "
<< student.address << " "
<< student.phone << " "
<< student.email << endl;
file.close();
cout << "学生信息录入成功！" << endl;
}
void viewStudents() {
cout << "学生信息如下：" << endl;
for (const auto& student : students) {
cout << "学号: " << student.studentId << endl;
cout << "姓名: " << student.name << endl;
cout << "年龄: " << student.age << endl;
cout << "性别: " << student.gender << endl;
cout << "出生年月: " << student.birthDate << endl;
cout << "政治面貌: " << student.politicalStatus << endl;
cout << "籍贯: " << student.hometown << endl;
cout << "家庭住址: " << student.address << endl;
cout << "电话: " << student.phone << endl;
cout << "E-mail: " << student.email << endl;
cout << endl;
}
}
bool compareByStudentId(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.studentId < s2.studentId;
}
bool compareByName(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.name < s2.name;
}
bool compareByGender(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.gender < s2.gender;
}
bool compareByBirthDate(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.birthDate < s2.birthDate;
}
bool compareByHometown(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
return s1.hometown < s2.hometown;
}
void sortAndQueryStudents() {
cout << "请选择排序方式：" << endl;
cout << "1. 按学号排序" << endl;
cout << "2. 按姓名排序" << endl;
cout << "3. 按性别排序" << endl;
cout << "4. 按出生年月排序" << endl;
cout << "5. 按籍贯排序" << endl;
cout << "请输入排序选项：";
int option;
cin >> option;
switch (option) {
case 1:
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByStudentId);
break;
case 2:
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByName);
break;
case 3:
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByGender);
break;
case 4:
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByBirthDate);
break;
case 5:
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), compareByHometown);
break;
default:
cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
return;
}
viewStudents();
}
void countStudentsByGender() {
int maleCount = 0;
int femaleCount = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.gender == "男") {
maleCount++;
} else if (student.gender == "女") {
femaleCount++;
}
}
cout << "男生人数：" << maleCount << endl;
cout << "女生人数：" << femaleCount << endl;
}
void countStudentsByBirthYear() {
cout << "请输入统计年份：";
int year;
cin >> year;
int count = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
string birthYear = student.birthDate.substr(0, 4);
if (stoi(birthYear) == year) {
count++;
}
}
cout << year << "年出生的学生人数：" << count << endl;
}
void countStudentsByHometown() {
cout << "请输入统计籍贯：";
string hometown;
cin >> hometown;
int count = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.hometown == hometown) {
count++;
}
}
cout << hometown << "籍贯的学生人数：" << count << endl;
}
void deleteStudent() {
cout << "请输入要删除的学生的学号：";
string studentId;
cin >> studentId;
for (auto it = students.begin(); it != students.end(); ++it) {
if (it->studentId == studentId) {
students.erase(it);
cout << "学生信息删除成功！" << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "未找到该学生的信息！" << endl;
}
void modifyStudent() {
cout << "请输入要修改的学生的学号：";
string studentId;
cin >> studentId;
for (auto& student : students) {
if (student.studentId == studentId) {
cout << "请输入修改后的学生信息：" << endl;
cout << "学号: ";
cin >> student.studentId;
cout << "姓名: ";
cin >> student.name;
cout << "年龄: ";
cin >> student.age;
cout << "性别: ";
cin >> student.gender;
cout << "出生年月: ";
cin >> student.birthDate;
cout << "政治面貌: ";
cin >> student.politicalStatus;
cout << "籍贯: ";
cin >> student.hometown;
cout << "家庭住址: ";
cin >> student.address;
cout << "电话: ";
cin >> student.phone;
cout << "E-mail: ";
cin >> student.email;
cout << "学生信息修改成功！" << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "未找到该学生的信息！" << endl;
}
int main() {
ifstream file("students.txt");
if (file.is_open()) {
string studentId, name, gender, birthDate, politicalStatus, hometown, address, phone, email;
int age;
while (file >> studentId >> name >> age >> gender >> birthDate >> politicalStatus >> hometown >> address >> phone >> email) {
Student student{studentId, name, age, gender, birthDate, politicalStatus, hometown, address, phone, email};
students.push_back(student);
}
file.close();
}
int option;
while (true) {
displayMenu();
cin >> option;
cout << endl;
switch (option) {
case 1:
addStudent();
break;
case 2:
viewStudents();
break;
case 3:
sortAndQueryStudents();
break;
case 4:
cout << "请选择统计方式：" << endl;
cout << "1. 按性别统计学生人数" << endl;
cout << "2. 按出生年统计学生人数" << endl;
cout << "3. 按籍贯统计学生人数" << endl;
cout << "请输入统计选项：";
int statOption;
cin >> statOption;
cout << endl;
switch (statOption) {
case 1:
countStudentsByGender();
break;
case 2:
countStudentsByBirthYear();
break;
case 3:
countStudentsByHometown();
break;
default:
cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
break;
}
break;
case 5:
cout << "请选择操作：" << endl;
cout << "1. 删除学生信息" << endl;
cout << "2. 修改学生信息" << endl;
cout << "请输入操作选项：";
int op;
cin >> op;
cout << endl;
switch (op) {
case 1:
deleteStudent();
break;
case 2:
modifyStudent();
break;
default:
cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
break;
}
break;
case 0:
cout << "程序已退出。" << endl;
return 0;
default:
cout << "无效的选项！" << endl;
break;
}
cout << endl;
}
return 0;
}
每天都有人问这种，这种你网上搜啊，一大堆
- 这有个类似的问题, 你可以参考下: https://ask.csdn.net/questions/7460477
- 这篇博客你也可以参考下：c++ 学生成绩管理系统
- 除此之外, 这篇博客: c++学生链表的实现中的 流程 部分也许能够解决你的问题, 你可以仔细阅读以下内容或跳转源博客中阅读:
在主函数中，提示用户输入节点个数n,然后提示用户输入指令，并进行相应操作
- 您还可以看一下 陈小玉老师的C++快速入门课程中的 字符串小节, 巩固相关知识点
- 以下回答由chatgpt基于相关博客总结生成:
针对学生管理信息系统，您可以考虑以下几个功能的实现：
- 添加学生信息 可以通过定义一个学生类来存储学生的信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄等等。定义一个包含学生类对象的数组，并且在程序运行时从键盘输入学生信息添加到数组中。
示例代码：
#include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; class Student { public: string id; // 学号 string name; // 姓名 char gender; // 性别 int age; // 年龄 // ... 其他属性和方法 }; int main() { const int MAX_STUDENT = 100; // 最大学生数 Student students[MAX_STUDENT]; // 学生数组 // 从键盘输入学生信息，并添加到数组中 int numStudents; // 学生数 cout << "请输入学生数: "; cin >> numStudents; for (int i = 0; i < numStudents; i++) { cout << "请输入学号、姓名、性别(男/女)、年龄: "; cin >> students[i].id >> students[i].name >> students[i].gender >> students[i].age; // ... 输入其他属性 } // TODO: 将学生信息保存到文件中 return 0; }- 修改学生信息 可以通过从数组中查找学生对象，然后修改其属性来实现。可以考虑将学生的信息以学号作为键值存储到一个哈希表中，这样可以提高查找效率。
示例代码：
// 实现一个哈希表，将学生对象以学号作为键值存储 class StudentHashTable { public: void add(const Student& student) { // TODO: 实现添加操作 } void remove(const string& studentId) { // TODO: 实现删除操作 } Student* find(const string& studentId) { // TODO: 实现查找操作 return nullptr; } void update(const string& studentId, const Student& newStudent) { Student* student = find(studentId); if (student != nullptr) { *student = newStudent; } } // ... 其他操作 };- 删除学生信息 同样可以通过从数组或哈希表中查找学生对象，然后将其删除来实现。
示例代码：
// 实现一个哈希表，将学生对象以学号作为键值存储 class StudentHashTable { public: void add(const Student& student) { // TODO: 实现添加操作 } void remove(const string& studentId) { // TODO: 实现删除操作 } // ... 其他操作 }; // 从哈希表中删除学生对象 void deleteStudent(StudentHashTable& hashTable, const string& studentId) { hashTable.remove(studentId); }- 查看学生信息 可以通过输出数组或哈希表中的学生对象来查看学生信息。
示例代码：
// 输出学生信息 void printStudent(const Student& student) { cout << student.id << " " << student.name << " " << student.gender << " " << student.age << endl; // ... 输出其他属性 } // 输出所有学生信息 void printAllStudents(const StudentHashTable& hashTable) { // 遍历哈希表中的所有键值对，输出学生信息 // TODO: 实现遍历操作 Student* student = nullptr; while ((student = hashTable.getNextStudent()) != nullptr) { printStudent(*student); } } // 从哈希表中查找并输出某个学生的信息 void findAndPrintStudent(StudentHashTable& hashTable, const string& studentId) { Student* student = hashTable.find(studentId); if (student != nullptr) { printStudent(*student); } }- 排序学生信息 可以通过sort算法对数组中的学生对象按某个属性进行排序。
示例代码：
// 比较器类，用于为sort算法提供排序规则 class StudentComparator { public: bool operator()(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) { // 按学号升序排列 return s1.id < s2.id; } }; void sortStudents(Student students[], int numStudents) { sort(students, students + numStudents, StudentComparator()); }
需求to我，价低