想问一个C++的题 thank u

定义一个基类有姓名、性别、年龄，再由基类派生出教师类和学生类。教师类增加工号、职称和工资，学生类增加学号、班级、专业和入学成绩。
编程要求：
1、设计虚函数输出教师和学生的基本信息；
2、计算教师的平均工资并输出；
3、 使用友元函数重载运算符“<”，找出入学成绩最高的学生并输出；

• 这有个类似的问题, 你可以参考下: https://ask.csdn.net/questions/7617400
• 这篇博客你也可以参考下：谭浩强c++第六章题15 有一个班4个学生，5门课。1.求第一门课的平均分；2.找出有两门以上课程不及格的学生，输出他们的学号，全部课程成绩及平均成绩；3.找出平均成绩在90分以上或全部课程成绩在85
• 除此之外, 这篇博客: C与C++程序设计学习笔记中的 21、某班级准备举行一次五子棋比赛，参赛选手每人之间必须进行一场对弈，进过统计发现一共进行了300场比赛，编程，计算并输出参赛的人数是多少？ 部分也许能够解决你的问题, 你可以仔细阅读以下内容或跳转源博客中阅读:
  

• #include <stdio.h>
  int main(void)
  {
  	int n = 1, s = 0;
  	while (s != 300)
  	{
  		n++;
  		s = s + (n - 1); //握手定理
  	}
  	printf("%d\n", n);
  	return 0;
  }
  

  
  
• 以下回答由chatgpt基于相关博客总结生成:

  我可以回答这个问题。

  这个问题需要定义一个基类Person，派生出教师类Teacher和学生类Student，然后完成输出教师和学生的基本信息、计算教师的平均工资并输出、使用友元函数重载运算符“<”，找出入学成绩最高的学生并输出。

  首先是定义基类Person，里面包含姓名和年龄两个私有成员变量，以及输出基本信息的公有虚函数printInfo：

  class Person {
  private:
      string name;
      int age;
  public:
      Person(string _name, int _age): name(_name), age(_age) {}
      virtual ~Person() {}
      virtual void printInfo() {}
  };
  

  然后是定义教师类Teacher，它是Person类的一个派生类，多了一个工资成员变量salary，需要实现输出基本信息、计算平均工资的函数printInfo和getAverageSalary：

  class Teacher: public Person {
  private:
      int salary;
  public:
      Teacher(string _name, int _age, int _salary): Person(_name, _age), salary(_salary) {}
      ~Teacher() {}
      void printInfo() override {
          cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
          cout << "年龄：" << age << endl;
          cout << "工资：" << salary << endl;
      }
      int getSalary() const {
          return salary;
      }
      friend bool operator<(const Teacher& lhs, const Teacher& rhs) {
          return lhs.salary < rhs.salary;
      }
  };
  
  bool salaryCompare(const Teacher& t1, const Teacher& t2) {
      return t1.getSalary() < t2.getSalary();
  }
  
  float getAverageSalary(const vector<Teacher>& teachers) {
      float sum = 0.0;
      for (const auto& teacher : teachers) {
          sum += teacher.getSalary();
      }
      return sum / teachers.size();
  }
  

  最后是定义学生类Student，它是Person类的一个派生类，单独多了一个成绩成员变量score，需要实现输出基本信息、比较成绩大小的函数printInfo和operator<：

  class Student: public Person {
  private:
      int score;
  public:
      Student(string _name, int _age, int _score): Person(_name, _age), score(_score) {}
      ~Student() {}
      void printInfo() override {
          cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
          cout << "年龄：" << age << endl;
          cout << "成绩：" << score << endl;
      }
      int getScore() const {
          return score;
      }
      friend bool operator<(const Student& lhs, const Student& rhs) {
          return lhs.score < rhs.score;
      }
  };
  
  bool scoreCompare(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
      return s1.getScore() < s2.getScore();
  }
  
  const Student& getHighestScore(const vector<Student>& students) {
      return *max_element(students.begin(), students.end(), scoreCompare);
  }
  

  这样就完成了这个问题的解决。完整代码附在下方：

  #include <iostream>
  #include <vector>
  #include <algorithm>
  
  using namespace std;
  
  class Person {
  private:
      string name;
      int age;
  public:
      Person(string _name, int _age): name(_name), age(_age) {}
      virtual ~Person() {}
      virtual void printInfo() {}
  };
  
  class Teacher: public Person {
  private:
      int salary;
  public:
      Teacher(string _name, int _age, int _salary): Person(_name, _age), salary(_salary) {}
      ~Teacher() {}
      void printInfo() override {
          cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
          cout << "年龄：" << age << endl;
          cout << "工资：" << salary << endl;
      }
      int getSalary() const {
          return salary;
      }
      friend bool operator<(const Teacher& lhs, const Teacher& rhs) {
          return lhs.salary < rhs.salary;
      }
  };
  
  bool salaryCompare(const Teacher& t1, const Teacher& t2) {
      return t1.getSalary() < t2.getSalary();
  }
  
  float getAverageSalary(const vector<Teacher>& teachers) {
      float sum = 0.0;
      for (const auto& teacher : teachers) {
          sum += teacher.getSalary();
      }
      return sum / teachers.size();
  }
  
  class Student: public Person {
  private:
      int score;
  public:
      Student(string _name, int _age, int _score): Person(_name, _age), score(_score) {}
      ~Student() {}
      void printInfo() override {
          cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
          cout << "年龄：" << age << endl;
          cout << "成绩：" << score << endl;
      }
      int getScore() const {
          return score;
      }
      friend bool operator<(const Student& lhs, const Student& rhs) {
          return lhs.score < rhs.score;
      }
  };
  
  bool scoreCompare(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
      return s1.getScore() < s2.getScore();
  }
  
  const Student& getHighestScore(const vector<Student>& students) {
      return *max_element(students.begin(), students.end(), scoreCompare);
  }
  
  int main() {
      vector<Teacher> teachers;
      vector<Student> students;
  
      teachers.push_back(Teacher("Alice", 30, 3000));
      teachers.push_back(Teacher("Bob", 35, 4000));
      teachers.push_back(Teacher("Charlie", 40, 5000));
  
      students.push_back(Student("David", 18, 90));
      students.push_back(Student("Eli", 19, 85));
      students.push_back(Student("Frank", 20, 95));
  
      cout << "教师信息：" << endl;
      for (const auto& teacher : teachers) {
          teacher.printInfo();
          cout << endl;
      }
  
      cout << "教师平均工资：" << getAverageSalary(teachers) << endl;
  
      cout << "入学成绩最高的学生：" << endl;
      const Student& highestScoreStudent = getHighestScore(students);
      highestScoreStudent.printInfo();
  
      return 0;
  }
  

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Person {
protected:
    string name;  // 姓名
    string gender;  // 性别
    int age;  // 年龄

public:
    Person(string name, string gender, int age) : name(name), gender(gender), age(age) {}

    virtual void printInfo() {
        cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
        cout << "性别：" << gender << endl;
        cout << "年龄：" << age << "岁" << endl;
    }
};

class Teacher : public Person {
private:
    int employeeID;  // 工号
    string title;  // 职称
    double salary;  // 工资

public:
    Teacher(string name, string gender, int age, int employeeID, string title, double salary)
        : Person(name, gender, age), employeeID(employeeID), title(title), salary(salary) {}

    void printInfo() override {
        Person::printInfo();
        cout << "工号：" << employeeID << endl;
        cout << "职称：" << title << endl;
        cout << "工资：" << salary << "元" << endl;
    }

    double getSalary() const {
        return salary;
    }
};

class Student : public Person {
private:
    int studentID;  // 学号
    string className;  // 班级
    string major;  // 专业
    double entranceScore;  // 入学成绩

public:
    Student(string name, string gender, int age, int studentID, string className, string major, double entranceScore)
        : Person(name, gender, age), studentID(studentID), className(className), major(major), entranceScore(entranceScore) {}

    void printInfo() override {
        Person::printInfo();
        cout << "学号：" << studentID << endl;
        cout << "班级：" << className << endl;
        cout << "专业：" << major << endl;
        cout << "入学成绩：" << entranceScore << endl;
    }

    double getEntranceScore() const {
        return entranceScore;
    }

    friend bool operator<(const Student& s1, const Student& s2);
};

bool operator<(const Student& s1, const Student& s2) {
    return s1.entranceScore < s2.entranceScore;
}

int main() {
    vector<Teacher> teachers;
    vector<Student> students;

    teachers.push_back(Teacher("张三", "男", 40, 1001, "教授", 5000));
    teachers.push_back(Teacher("李四", "女", 35, 1002, "副教授", 4000));

    students.push_back(Student("车二愣子", "男", 20, 2001, "A班", "计算机科学", 25));
    students.push_back(Student("小红", "女", 21, 2002, "B班", "机械工程", 90));
    students.push_back(Student("小明", "男", 19, 2003, "C班", "经济学", 95));

    // 输出教师和学生的基本信息
    cout << "教师信息：" << endl;
    for (const auto& teacher : teachers) {
        teacher.printInfo();
        cout << endl;
    }

    cout << "学生信息：" << endl;
    for (const auto& student : students) {
        student.printInfo();
        cout << endl;
    }

    // 计算教师的平均工资并输出
    double sumSalary = 0;
    for (const auto& teacher : teachers) {
        sumSalary += teacher.getSalary();
    }
    double avgSalary = sumSalary / teachers.size();
    cout << "教师平均工资：" << avgSalary << "元" << endl;

    // 找出入学成绩最高的学生并输出
    const Student& highestScoreStudent = *max_element(students.begin(), students.end());
    cout << "入学成绩最高的学生：" << endl;
    highestScoreStudent.printInfo();

    return 0;
}