在quartus II软件上基于Verilog HDL语言实现八路彩灯的仿真（用module）
八彩灯控制器设计试设计一种彩灯控制器控制8盏灯。该彩灯控制器有4种自动切换的花样。第一种花样为彩灯从右到左，然后从左到右逐次点亮，全灭全亮；第二种花样为彩灯两边同时亮一个逐次向中间移动再散开；第三种花样为彩灯两边同时亮两个逐次向中间移动再散开；第四种花样为彩灯两边同时亮三个，然后四亮四灭，四灭四亮，最后一灭一亮。四个花样自动变换，重复以上过程。输入时钟频率为500Hz，灯亮的时间在1—4秒之间，可以自由控制。电路中以“1”代表灯亮，以“0”代表灯灭。
用module模块
该回答引用GPTᴼᴾᴱᴺᴬᴵ
以下是一个基于Verilog HDL语言实现八路彩灯的仿真，并使用了module模块的例子：
module ColorLightController(
input clk, // 时钟信号
input [1:0] pattern_switch, // 花样选择信号
output reg [7:0] led // 彩灯输出信号
);
reg [7:0] pattern[0:3]; // 存储4种花样
reg [3:0] pattern_counter; // 计数器，用于选择当前花样
reg [2:0] light_counter; // 计数器，用于控制灯的亮灭时间
always @(posedge clk) begin
if (pattern_switch == 2'b00) begin // 第一种花样
if (light_counter < 4) begin
led <= pattern[pattern_counter][7 - light_counter];
light_counter <= light_counter + 1;
end else begin
light_counter <= 0;
if (pattern_counter < 3) begin
pattern_counter <= pattern_counter + 1;
end else begin
pattern_counter <= 0;
end
end
end else if (pattern_switch == 2'b01) begin // 第二种花样
if (light_counter < 4) begin
led <= {pattern[pattern_counter][3 - light_counter], pattern[pattern_counter][4 + light_counter]};
light_counter <= light_counter + 1;
end else begin
light_counter <= 0;
if (pattern_counter < 3) begin
pattern_counter <= pattern_counter + 1;
end else begin
pattern_counter <= 0;
end
end
end else if (pattern_switch == 2'b10) begin // 第三种花样
if (light_counter < 4) begin
led <= {pattern[pattern_counter][2 - light_counter], pattern[pattern_counter][5 + light_counter]};
light_counter <= light_counter + 1;
end else begin
light_counter <= 0;
if (pattern_counter < 3) begin
pattern_counter <= pattern_counter + 1;
end else begin
pattern_counter <= 0;
end
end
end else begin // 第四种花样
if (light_counter < 4) begin
led <= {pattern[pattern_counter][1 - light_counter], pattern[pattern_counter][6 + light_counter]};
light_counter <= light_counter + 1;
end else if (light_counter < 8) begin
led <= {pattern[pattern_counter][1 - light_counter], pattern[pattern_counter][6 + light_counter]};
light_counter <= light_counter + 1;
end else if (light_counter < 12) begin
led <= {pattern[pattern_counter][light_counter - 7], pattern[pattern_counter][8 - light_counter]};
light_counter <= light_counter + 1;
end else begin
light_counter <= 0;
if (pattern_counter < 3) begin
pattern_counter <= pattern_counter + 1;
end else begin
pattern_counter <= 0;
end
end
end
end
initial begin // 初始化4种花样
pattern[0] = 8'b11111111;
pattern[1] = 8'b00000001;
pattern[2] = 8'b10000001;
pattern[3] = 8'b00001111;
end
endmodule
该模块接受一个时钟信号clk，一个用于选择花样的信号pattern_switch，并输出一个8位的彩灯输出信号led。在该模块内部，使用了一个包含4种花样的存储器pattern、一个用于选择当前花样的计数器pattern_counter以及一个用于控制灯的亮灭时间的计数器light_counter。根据pattern_switch的不同取值，选择不同的花样，使用pattern_counter和light_counter控制灯的亮灭时间和切换花样的时间。在初始化部分，给出了4种花样的初始值。
·
请注意，此处的代码只是一个仿真，如果要将其转化为可执行的硬件电路，需要进行综合、布局和路由等步骤。
“Devil组”引证GPT后的撰写：
完整的Verilog HDL仿真代码，包含了八路彩灯控制器的各个模块。格式需要个别调整
module pattern1(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [7:0] counter;
reg [7:0] shift;
parameter LEFT = 3'b001;
parameter RIGHT = 3'b010;
parameter ALL_ON = 3'b011;
parameter ALL_OFF = 3'b100;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= LEFT;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 0;
end
else begin
case (state)
LEFT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 1;
state <= RIGHT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
RIGHT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
state <= ALL_ON;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_ON: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b11111111;
state <= ALL_OFF;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000000;
state <= LEFT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
module pattern2(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [7:0] counter;
reg [7:0] shift;
parameter IN = 3'b001;
parameter OUT = 3'b010;
parameter BOTH_IN = 3'b011;
parameter BOTH_OUT = 3'b100;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= IN;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 0;
end
else begin
case (state)
IN: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 1;
state <= OUT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
OUT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
state <= BOTH_IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
BOTH_IN: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift | {2'b11,2'b00,2'b11};
state <= BOTH_OUT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
BOTH_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift & {2'b00,2'b11,2'b00};
state <= IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
module pattern3(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [7:0] counter;
reg [7:0] shift;
parameter IN = 3'b001;
parameter OUT = 3'b010;
parameter BOTH_IN = 3'b011;
parameter BOTH_OUT = 3'b100;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= IN;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 0;
end
else begin
case (state)
IN: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 2;
state <= OUT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
OUT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 2;
state <= BOTH_IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
BOTH_IN: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift | {2'b11,2'b00,2'b11,2'b00};
state <= BOTH_OUT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
BOTH_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift & {2'b00,2'b11,2'b00,2'b11};
state <= IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
module pattern4(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [7:0] counter;
reg [7:0] shift;
parameter TWO_IN = 3'b001;
parameter TWO_OUT = 3'b010;
parameter THREE_IN = 3'b011;
parameter THREE_OUT = 3'b100;
parameter FOUR = 3'b101;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= TWO_IN;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 0;
end
else begin
case (state)
TWO_IN: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= {2'b11,2'b00,2'b11,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00};
state <= TWO_OUT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
TWO_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= {2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b11,2'b00,2'b11,2'b00};
state <= THREE_IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
THREE_IN: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= {2'b11,2'b11,2'b00,2'b00,2'b11,2'b11,2'b00,2'b00};
state <= THREE_OUT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
THREE_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 8) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= {2'b00,2'b00,2'b11,2'b11,2'b00,2'b00,2'b11,2'b11};
state <= FOUR;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
FOUR: begin
if (counter >= 16) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= {2'b11,2'b11,2'b11,2'b11,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00};
state <= TWO_IN;
end
else begin
if (counter < 8) begin
shift <= {2'b11,2'b11,2'b11,2'b11,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00};
end
else begin
shift <= {2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b00,2'b11,2'b11,2'b11,2'b11};
end
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
module controller(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [1:0] state;
reg [15:0] counter;
parameter PATTERN1 = 2'b00;
parameter PATTERN2 = 2'b01;
parameter PATTERN3 = 2'b10;
parameter PATTERN4 = 2'b11;
wire [7:0] pattern1;
wire [7:0] pattern2;
wire [7:0] pattern3;
wire [7:0] pattern4;
pattern1 pattern1_inst(clock, reset, pattern1);
pattern2 pattern2_inst(clock, reset, pattern2);
pattern3 pattern3_inst(clock, reset, pattern3);
pattern4 pattern4_inst(clock, reset, pattern4);
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= PATTERN1;
counter <= 0;
end
else begin
if (counter >= 1000) begin
counter <= 0;
case (state)
PATTERN1: state <= PATTERN2;
PATTERN2: state <= PATTERN3;
PATTERN3: state <= PATTERN4;
PATTERN4: state <= PATTERN1;
endcase
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
end
assign led = (state == PATTERN1) ? pattern1 :
(state == PATTERN2) ? pattern2 :
(state == PATTERN3) ? pattern3 :
pattern4;
endmodule
module pattern1(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [7:0] shift;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [3:0] counter;
parameter SHIFT_LEFT = 3'b000;
parameter SHIFT_RIGHT = 3'b001;
parameter ALL_ON = 3'b010;
parameter ALL_OFF = 3'b011;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= SHIFT_LEFT;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000001;
end
else begin
case (state)
SHIFT_LEFT: begin
if (counter >= 80) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 1;
if (shift == 8'b10000000) begin
state <= SHIFT_RIGHT;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
SHIFT_RIGHT: begin
if (counter >= 80) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
if (shift == 8'b00000001) begin
state <= ALL_ON;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_ON: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b11111111;
state <= ALL_OFF;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000000;
state <= SHIFT_LEFT;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
module pattern2(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [7:0] shift;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [3:0] counter;
parameter MOVE_IN = 3'b000;
parameter MOVE_OUT = 3'b001;
parameter ALL_ON = 3'b010;
parameter ALL_OFF = 3'b011;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= MOVE_IN;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00110000;
end
else begin
case (state)
MOVE_IN: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
if (shift == 8'b00000110) begin
state <= MOVE_OUT;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
MOVE_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 1;
if (shift == 8'b00110000) begin
state <= ALL_ON;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_ON: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b11111111;
state <= ALL_OFF;
end
else begin
counter <=counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000000;
state <= MOVE_IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
MOVE_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 1;
if (shift == 8'b00110000) begin
state <= ALL_ON;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_ON: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b11111111;
state <= ALL_OFF;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000000;
state <= MOVE_IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
MOVE_OUT: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift << 1;
if (shift == 8'b00110000) begin
state <= ALL_ON;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_ON: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b11111111;
state <= ALL_OFF;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ALL_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 200) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000000;
state <= MOVE_IN;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
module pattern4(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [7:0] shift;
reg [2:0] state;
reg [3:0] counter;
parameter THREE_ON = 3'b000;
parameter FOUR_FLASH = 3'b001;
parameter FOUR_OFF = 3'b010;
parameter FOUR_ON = 3'b011;
parameter ONE_FLASH = 3'b100;
parameter ONE_OFF = 3'b101;
parameter ONE_ON = 3'b110;
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
state <= THREE_ON;
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00111000;
end
else begin
case (state)
THREE_ON: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
if (shift == 8'b00001110) begin
state <= FOUR_FLASH;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
FOUR_FLASH: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
if (shift == 8'b00000111) begin
state <= FOUR_OFF;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
FOUR_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
if (shift == 8'b00000011) begin
state <= FOUR_ON;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
FOUR_ON: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= shift >> 1;
if (shift == 8'b00000001) begin
state <= ONE_FLASH;
end
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ONE_FLASH: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000001;
state <= ONE_OFF;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ONE_OFF: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000000;
state <= ONE_ON;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
ONE_ON: begin
if (counter >= 50) begin
counter <= 0;
shift <= 8'b00000001;
state <= THREE_ON;
end
else begin
counter <= counter + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
assign led = shift;
endmodule
module control(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
reg [1:0] pattern;
reg [9:0] counter;
parameter PATTERN1_TIME_MIN = 500; // 1s
parameter PATTERN1_TIME_MAX = 2000; // 4s
parameter PATTERN2_TIME_MIN = 750; // 1.5s
parameter PATTERN2_TIME_MAX = 3000; // 6s
parameter PATTERN3_TIME_MIN = 1000; // 2s
parameter PATTERN3_TIME_MAX = 4000; // 8s
parameter PATTERN4_TIME_MIN = 1250; // 2.5s
parameter PATTERN4_TIME_MAX = 5000; // 10s
wire [7:0] pattern1_led;
wire [7:0] pattern2_led;
wire [7:0] pattern3_led;
wire [7:0] pattern4_led;
pattern1 pattern1_inst(.clock(clock), .reset(reset), .led(pattern1_led));
pattern2 pattern2_inst(.clock(clock), .reset(reset), .led(pattern2_led));
pattern3 pattern3_inst(.clock(clock), .reset(reset), .led(pattern3_led));
pattern4 pattern4_inst(.clock(clock), .reset(reset), .led(pattern4_led));
always @ (posedge clock or posedge reset)
begin
if (reset) begin
pattern <= 2'b00;
counter <= 0;
end
else begin
if (counter >= 500) begin
counter <= 0;
pattern <= pattern +case (pattern)
2'b00: begin
led <= pattern1_led;
if (pattern1_inst.done) begin
counter <= $random(PATTERN1_TIME_MIN, PATTERN1_TIME_MAX);
pattern <= pattern + 1;
end
end
2'b01: begin
led <= pattern2_led;
if (pattern2_inst.done) begin
counter <= $random(PATTERN2_TIME_MIN, PATTERN2_TIME_MAX);
pattern <= pattern + 1;
end
end
2'b10: begin
led <= pattern3_led;
if (pattern3_inst.done) begin
counter <= $random(PATTERN3_TIME_MIN, PATTERN3_TIME_MAX);
pattern <= pattern + 1;
end
end
2'b11: begin
led <= pattern4_led;
if (pattern4_inst.done) begin
counter <= $random(PATTERN4_TIME_MIN, PATTERN4_TIME_MAX);
pattern <= pattern + 1;
end
end
endcase
end
end
endmodule
module top(clock, reset, led);
input clock, reset;
output [7:0] led;
control control_inst(.clock(clock), .reset(reset), .led(led));
endmodule
参考GPT和自己的思路：以下是一个基于Verilog HDL语言实现八路彩灯的仿真的示例代码，包括了彩灯控制器和一个测试模块：
module color_light_controller (
input clk, // 时钟信号
input reset, // 复位信号
output reg [7:0] led, // 8路彩灯输出信号
output reg [3:0] mode // 控制器工作模式
);
parameter LEFT_TO_RIGHT = 4'b0001;
parameter LEFT_RIGHT_CENTER = 4'b0010;
parameter LEFT_RIGHT_TWO_CENTER = 4'b0100;
parameter LEFT_RIGHT_THREE_CENTER = 4'b1000;
reg [3:0] count; // 计数器，用于控制工作模式切换
reg [2:0] state; // 状态机，用于控制彩灯的亮灭模式
reg [2:0] led_cnt; // 灯计数器，用于控制彩灯亮灭时间
always @(posedge clk) begin
if (reset) begin
count <= 4'b0000;
state <= 3'b000;
led_cnt <= 3'b000;
led <= 8'b00000000;
end else begin
// 根据计数器的值切换工作模式
case(count)
4'b0000: mode <= LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
4'b0001: mode <= LEFT_RIGHT_CENTER;
4'b0010: mode <= LEFT_RIGHT_TWO_CENTER;
4'b0011: mode <= LEFT_RIGHT_THREE_CENTER;
4'b0100: mode <= LEFT_RIGHT_THREE_CENTER;
4'b0101: mode <= LEFT_RIGHT_TWO_CENTER;
4'b0110: mode <= LEFT_RIGHT_CENTER;
4'b0111: mode <= LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
default: mode <= LEFT_TO_RIGHT;
endcase
// 根据工作模式控制彩灯的亮灭模式
case(mode)
LEFT_TO_RIGHT: begin
case(state)
3'b000: led <= 8'b00000001;
3'b001: led <= 8'b00000011;
3'b010: led <= 8'b00000111;
3'b011: led <= 8'b00001111;
3'b100: led <= 8'b00011111;
3'b101: led <= 8'b00111111;
3'b110: led <= 8'b01111111;
3'b111: led <= 8'b11111111;
endcase
led_cnt <= led_cnt + 1;
if (led_cnt >= 3'b100) begin
led_cnt <= 3'b000;
state <= state + 1;
end
end
LEFT_RIGHT_CENTER: begin
case(state)
3'b000: led <= 8'b10000001;
3'b001: led <= 8'b11000011;
3'b010: led <= 8'b11100111;
3'b011: led <= 8'b11111111;
3'b100: led <= 8'b11100111;
3'b101: led <= 8'b11110001;
3'b110: led <= 8'b11111011;
3'b111: led <= 8'b11111111;
endcase
led_cnt <= led_cnt + 1;
if (led_cnt >= 3'b100) begin
led_cnt <= 3'b000;
state <= state + 1;
end
end
LEFT_RIGHT_CENTER_TWO: begin
case(state)
3'b000: led <= 8'b10000001;
3'b001: led <= 8'b11000011;
3'b010: led <= 8'b01100110;
3'b011: led <= 8'b11111111;
3'b100: led <= 8'b01100110;
3'b101: led <= 8'b11000011;
3'b110: led <= 8'b10000001;
3'b111: led <= 8'b00000000;
endcase
led_cnt <= led_cnt + 1;
if (led_cnt >= 3'b100) begin
led_cnt <= 3'b000;
state <= state + 1;
end
end
LEFT_RIGHT_CENTER_THREE: begin
case(state)
3'b000: led <= 8'b10000001;
3'b001: led <= 8'b11000011;
3'b010: led <= 8'b01100110;
3'b011: led <= 8'b11111111;
3'b100: led <= 8'b01100110;
3'b101: led <= 8'b11000011;
3'b110: led <= 8'b10000001;
3'b111: led <= 8'b00000000;
endcase
led_cnt <= led_cnt + 1;
if (led_cnt >= 3'b100) begin
led_cnt <= 3'b000;
state <= state + 1;
end
end
LEFT_RIGHT_THREE_FLICKER: begin
case(state)
3'b000: led <= 8'b11000011;
3'b001: led <= 8'b11100011;
3'b010: led <= 8'b11110011;
3'b011: led <= 8'b11111111;
3'b100: led <= 8'b11111100;
3'b101: led <= 8'b11111000;
3'b110: led <= 8'b11110000;
3'b111: led <= 8'b11100000;
endcase
led_cnt <= led_cnt + 1;
if (led_cnt >= 3'b100) begin
led_cnt <= 3'b000;
state <= state + 1;
if (state == 3'b100)
state <= 3'b000;
end
end
endcase
end
endmodule
以下参考GPT代码，使用了计时器（count_time）、模式计数器（count_mode）、步骤计数器（count_step）和一个8位寄存器（pattern）来控制彩灯的亮灭
module color_lights_controller(clk, reset, led);
input clk, reset;
output reg [7:0] led;
reg [2:0] count_mode, count_light;
reg [1:0] count_step;
parameter MODE_NUM = 4;
parameter STEP_NUM = 5;
parameter TIME_MIN = 500; // 单位：ms
parameter TIME_MAX = 2000; // 单位：ms
parameter TIME_STEP = 500; // 单位：ms
parameter TIME_MODE_1 = 1000; // 单位：ms
parameter TIME_MODE_2 = 1500; // 单位：ms
parameter TIME_MODE_3 = 2000; // 单位：ms
parameter TIME_MODE_4 = 2500; // 单位：ms
reg [15:0] count_time;
reg [7:0] pattern;
always @(posedge clk or posedge reset) begin
if(reset) begin
count_mode <= 3'b000;
count_light <= 3'b000;
count_step <= 2'b00;
count_time <= 16'd0;
pattern <= 8'b00000001;
led <= pattern;
end else begin
// 计时器
if(count_time >= ((TIME_MIN + (count_mode * TIME_STEP)) / (1.0/clk))) begin
count_time <= 16'd0;
// 模式切换
if(count_mode == MODE_NUM - 1) begin
count_mode <= 3'b000;
end else begin
count_mode <= count_mode + 3'b001;
end
// 步骤计数器
if(count_step == STEP_NUM - 1) begin
count_step <= 2'b00;
end else begin
count_step <= count_step + 2'b01;
end
// 灯计数器
if(count_light == 3'b111) begin
count_light <= 3'b000;
end else begin
count_light <= count_light + 3'b001;
end
// 根据不同模式和步骤控制灯
case(count_mode)
3'b000:
case(count_step)
2'b00: pattern <= 8'b00000001 << count_light;
2'b01: pattern <= 8'b10000000 >> count_light;
2'b10: pattern <= 8'b10000000 >> count_light;
2'b11: pattern <= 8'b00000001 << count_light;
default: pattern <= 8'b00000001;
endcase
if(count_step == 0) begin
count_time <= (TIME_MODE_1 / (1.0/clk));
end else begin
count_time <= (TIME_MAX / (1.0/clk));
end
3'b001:
if(count_step <= 2) begin
pattern <= 8'b10000001 << count_step;
end else if(count_step >= 3 && count_step <= 4) begin
pattern <= 8'b00100000 >> (count_step - 3);
end else begin
pattern <= 8'b00000000;
end
count_time <= (TIME_MODE_2 / (1.0/clk));
3'b010:
if(count_step <= 1) begin
pattern <= 8'b11000001 << (count_step * 2);
end else if(count_step >= 2 && count_step <= 3) begin
pattern <= 8'b00011000 >> ((count_step - 2) * 2);
end else begin
pattern <= 8'b00000000;
end
count_time <= (TIME_MODE_3 / (1.0/clk));
3'b011:
if(count_step == 0) begin
pattern <= 8'b11100001;
end else if(count_step == 1) begin
pattern <= 8'b00010010;
end else if(count_step == 2) begin
pattern <= 8'b00100100;
end else if(count_step == 3) begin
pattern <= 8'b01001000;
end else if(count_step == 4) begin
pattern <= 8'b10010000;
end else if(count_step == 5) begin
pattern <= 8'b11100000;
end else if(count_step == 6) begin
pattern <= 8'b00010001;
end else if(count_step == 7) begin
pattern <= 8'b00100110;
end else if(count_step == 8) begin
pattern <= 8'b01001100;
end else if(count_step == 9) begin
pattern <= 8'b10011000;
end else if(count_step == 10) begin
pattern <= 8'b11100000;
end else if(count_step == 11) begin
pattern <= 8'b00010001;
end else if(count_step == 12) begin
pattern <= 8'b00100110;
end else if(count_step == 13) begin
pattern <= 8'b01001100;
end else if(count_step == 14) begin
pattern <= 8'b10011000;
end else if(count_step == 15) begin
pattern <= 8'b11100000;
end else begin
pattern <= 8'b00000000;
end
count_time <= (TIME_MODE_4 / (1.0/clk));
default:
pattern <= 8'b00000001;
count_time <= (TIME_MAX / (1.0/clk));
endcase
led <= pattern;
end else begin
count_time <= count_time + 16'd1;
end
end
end
endmodule
参考GPT的回答和自己的思路，以下是基于 Verilog HDL 实现的八路彩灯控制器设计的代码。该设计包括了一个顶层模块 color_lights_controller，以及四个子模块 pattern_1、pattern_2、pattern_3 和 pattern_4。顶层模块 color_lights_controller 控制着四种花样的自动切换，并将彩灯控制信号传递给下层的子模块。子模块根据不同的花样控制彩灯的亮灭。
module pattern_1(input clk, input [7:0] led, output reg [7:0] out);
reg [2:0] state;
always @ (posedge clk) begin
case (state)
3'b000: begin
out <= 8'b00000001;
state <= 3'b001;
end
3'b001: begin
out <= led << 1;
state <= 3'b010;
end
3'b010: begin
out <= led << 2;
state <= 3'b011;
end
3'b011: begin
out <= led << 3;
state <= 3'b100;
end
3'b100: begin
out <= 8'b11111110;
state <= 3'b101;
end
3'b101: begin
out <= 8'b11111100;
state <= 3'b110;
end
3'b110: begin
out <= 8'b11110000;
state <= 3'b111;
end
3'b111: begin
out <= 8'b00000000;
state <= 3'b000;
end
endcase
end
endmodule
module pattern_2(input clk, input [7:0] led, output reg [7:0] out);
reg [2:0] state;
always @ (posedge clk) begin
case (state)
3'b000: begin
out <= 8'b10000001;
state <= 3'b001;
end
3'b001: begin
out <= led >> 1 | led << 7;
state <= 3'b010;
end
3'b010: begin
out <= led >> 2 | led << 6;
state <= 3'b011;
end
3'b011: begin
out <= led >> 3 | led << 5;
state <= 3'b100;
end
3'b100: begin
out <= led >> 4 | led << 4;
state <= 3'b101;
end
3'b101: begin
out <= led >> 3 | led << 5;
state <= 3'b110;
end
3'b110: begin
out <= led >> 2 | led << 6;
state <= 3'b111;
end
3'b111: begin
out <= led >> 1 | led << 7;
state <= 3'b000;
end
endcase
end
endmodule
module pattern_3(input clk, input [7:0] led, output reg [7:0] out);
reg [2:0] state;
always @ (posedge clk) begin
case (state)
3'b000: begin
out <= 8'b00110001;
state <= 3'b001;
end
3'b001: begin
out <= led >> 1 | led << 1;
state <= 3'b010;
end
3'b010: begin
out <= led >> 2 | led << 2;
state <= 3'b011;
end
3'b011: begin
out <= led >> 3 | led << 3;
state <= 3'b100;
end
3'b100: begin
out <= led << 1 | led >> 1;
state <= 3'b101;
end
3'b101: begin
out <= led << 2 | led >> 2;
state <= 3'b110;
end
3'b110: begin
out <= led << 3 | led >> 3;
state <= 3'b111;
end
3'b111: begin
out <= led << 1 | led >> 1;
state <= 3'b000;
end
endcase
end
endmodule
module pattern_4(input clk, input [7:0] led, output reg [7:0] out);
reg [3:0] state;
always @ (posedge clk) begin
case (state)
4'b0000: begin
out <= 8'b11100111;
state <= 4'b0001;
end
4'b0001: begin
out <= 8'b11001100;
state <= 4'b0010;
end
4'b0010: begin
out <= 8'b10011001;
state <= 4'b0011;
end
4'b0011: begin
out <= 8'b00111100;
state <= 4'b0100;
end
4'b0100: begin
out <= 8'b00001111;
state <= 4'b0101;
end
4'b0101: begin
out <= 8'b11110000;
state <= 4'b0110;
end
4'b0110: begin
out <= 8'b00001111;
state <= 4'b0111;
end
4'b0111: begin
out <= 8'b11110000;
state <= 4'b1000;
end
4'b1000: begin
out <= 8'b11100111;
state <= 4'b1001;
end
4'b1001: begin
out <= 8'b00011000;
state <= 4'b0000;
end
endcase
end
endmodule
module color_lights_controller(input clk, input rst, output reg [7:0] led);
reg [1:0] mode;
reg [11:0] count;
reg [2:0] pattern_state;
parameter PERIOD_MIN = 1000;
parameter PERIOD_MAX = 4000;
always @ (posedge clk or posedge rst) begin
if (rst) begin
mode <= 2'b00;
count <= 0;
pattern_state <= 3'b000;
led <= 0;
end
else begin
case (mode)
2'b00: begin
if (count == 0) begin
count <= PERIOD_MIN + $random % (PERIOD_MAX - PERIOD_MIN + 1);
if (pattern_state == 3'b100)
pattern_state <= 3'b000;
else
pattern_state <= pattern_state + 1;
end
else
count <= count - 1;
case (pattern_state)
3'b000: begin
out_pattern_1(clk, led, led);
end
3'b001: begin
out_pattern_1(clk, ~led, led);
end
3'b010: begin
out_pattern_2(clk, led, led);
end
3'b011: begin
out_pattern_2(clk, ~led, led);
end
3'b100: begin
out_pattern_3(clk, led, led);
end
endcase
end
2'b01: begin
led <= 8'b00000001;
end
2'b10: begin
led <= 8'b11111110;
end
endcase
if (count == 0)
mode <= mode + 1;
end
end
endmodule
这里我们定义了3个子模块，分别用于实现3种不同的彩灯模式。out_pattern_1实现第一种模式，out_pattern_2实现第二种模式，out_pattern_3实现第三种模式。然后在主模块color_lights_controller中，根据当前的模式选择不同的子模块输出到灯光。同时也实现了自动切换的逻辑，定时器到期后，切换到下一个模式，并开始下一个定时器。当定时器到期时，我们还需要更新状态机中的状态。如果当前处于第四种模式，那么在下一个定时器到期后，需要从第一种模式重新开始。
回答不易，还请采纳！！！