结构体学生成绩统计函数
编写一个课程成绩管理程序。要求如下：
学生数据包括学号、姓名、课程成绩、
课程成绩 = 平时成绩 * 40% + 卷面成绩 * 60%
编写input函数，输入n个学生的信息及各个成绩分量。
编写calculate1函数，统计和计算卷面成绩的最高分、最低分、平均分、及格率。
编写calculate2函数，计算所有学生的总成绩。
编写output1函数，输出卷面成绩的最高分、最低分、平均分、及格率。
编写output2函数，按总成绩从高到底输出所有学生的学号、姓名、总成绩，成绩相同的按学号顺序。
编写main函数，依次调用并测试上述各个函数。
要求
1）用typedef定义结构体类型。
2）根据用户输入的n的值，调用malloc动态内存分配。
3）不用全局变量，用&引用类型作参数，传递各个计算结果。
代码和运行图如下，记得采纳哦！
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_LEN 20
typedef struct {
char id[MAX_LEN]; // 学号
char name[MAX_LEN]; // 姓名
float daily_score; // 平时成绩
float exam_score; // 卷面成绩
float total_score; // 总成绩
} student;
void input(int n, student **students);
void calculate1(int n, student *students, float *max_exam, float *min_exam, float *avg_exam, float *pass_rate);
void calculate2(int n, student *students);
void output1(float max_exam, float min_exam, float avg_exam, float pass_rate);
void output2(int n, student *students);
int main() {
int n;
printf("请输入学生人数：");
scanf("%d", &n);
student *students = (student*)malloc(n * sizeof(student));
input(n, &students);
float max_exam, min_exam, avg_exam, pass_rate;
calculate1(n, students, &max_exam, &min_exam, &avg_exam, &pass_rate);
output1(max_exam, min_exam, avg_exam, pass_rate);
calculate2(n, students);
output2(n, students);
free(students);
return 0;
}
void input(int n, student **students) {
printf("请依次输入每位学生的学号、姓名、平时成绩和卷面成绩：\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
scanf("%s %s %f %f", (*students)[i].id, (*students)[i].name, &(*students)[i].daily_score, &(*students)[i].exam_score);
}
}
void calculate1(int n, student *students, float *max_exam, float *min_exam, float *avg_exam, float *pass_rate) {
float total_exam = 0;
*max_exam = students[0].exam_score;
*min_exam = students[0].exam_score;
int num_pass = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
total_exam += students[i].exam_score;
if (students[i].exam_score > *max_exam) {
*max_exam = students[i].exam_score;
}
if (students[i].exam_score < *min_exam) {
*min_exam = students[i].exam_score;
}
if (students[i].exam_score >= 60) {
num_pass++;
}
}
*avg_exam = total_exam / n;
*pass_rate = (float)num_pass / n * 100;
}
void calculate2(int n, student *students) {
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
students[i].total_score = students[i].daily_score * 0.4 + students[i].exam_score * 0.6;
}
}
void output1(float max_exam, float min_exam, float avg_exam, float pass_rate) {
printf("卷面成绩的最高分为：%.2lf\n", max_exam);
printf("卷面成绩的最低分为：%.2lf\n", min_exam);
printf("卷面成绩的平均分为：%.2lf\n", avg_exam);
printf("卷面成绩的及格率为：%.2lf%%\n", pass_rate);
}
void output2(int n, student *students) {
// 按总成绩从高到底排序
for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n - 1 - i; j++) {
if (students[j].total_score < students[j + 1].total_score) {
student tmp = students[j];
students[j] = students[j + 1];
students[j + 1] = tmp;
} else if (students[j].total_score == students[j + 1].total_score && strcmp(students[j].id, students[j + 1].id) > 0) {
student tmp = students[j];
students[j] = students[j + 1];
students[j + 1] = tmp;
}
}
}
printf("按总成绩从高到低输出所有学生的信息：\n");
printf("%-10s %-10s %-10s\n", "学号", "姓名", "总成绩");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("%-10s %-10s %-10g\n", students[i].id, students[i].name, students[i].total_score);
}
}
1-6 只能一个个写，不能整合一个写
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
typedef struct {
int stu_id;
char stu_name[20];
float score_class;
float score_test;
} student;
void input(student *s, int n);
void calculate1(student *s, int n, float *max, float *min, float *average, float *rate);
void calculate2(student *s, int n);
void output1(float max, float min, float average, float rate);
void output2(student *s, int n);
int main()
{
int n;
student *s;
float max, min, average, rate;
printf("请输入学生人数：");
scanf("%!d(MISSING)", &n);
s = (student*)malloc(sizeof(student)*n);
input(s, n);
calculate1(s, n, &max, &min, &average, &rate);
calculate2(s, n);
output1(max, min, average, rate);
output2(s, n);
free(s);
return 0;
}
void input(student *s, int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("请输入第%!d(MISSING)个学生的学号：", i+1);
scanf("%!d(MISSING)", &s[i].stu_id);
printf("请输入第%!d(MISSING)个学生的姓名：", i+1);
scanf("%!s(MISSING)", s[i].stu_name);
printf("请输入第%!d(MISSING)个学生的平时成绩：", i+1);
scanf("%!f(MISSING)", &s[i].score_class);
printf("请输入第%!d(MISSING)个学生的卷面成绩：", i+1);
scanf("%!f(MISSING)", &s[i].score_test);
}
}
void calculate1(student *s, int n, float *max, float *min, float *average, float *rate)
{
int i;
float temp;
*max = s[0].score_test;
*min = s[0].score_test;
*average = 0;
*rate = 0;
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
temp = s[i].score_test;
if(temp > *max)
*max = temp;
if(temp < *min)
*min = temp;
*average = *average + temp;
if(temp >= 60)
*rate = *rate + 1;
}
*average = *average / n;
*rate = *rate / n * 100;
}
void calculate2(student *s, int n)
{
int i;
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
s[i].score_test = s[i].score_class * 0.4 + s[i].score_test * 0.6;
}
}
void output1(float max, float min, float average, float rate)
{
printf("卷面成绩最高分：%!f(MISSING)\n", max);
printf("卷面成绩最低分：%!f(MISSING)\n", min);
printf("卷面成绩平均分：%!f(MISSING)\n", average);
printf("卷面成绩及格率：%!f(MISSING)%\n", rate);
}
void output2(student *s, int n)
{
int i, j;
student temp;
for(i=0; i<n-1; i++)
{
for(j=i+1; j<n; j++)
{
if(s[j].score_test > s[i].score_test)
{
temp = s[i];
s[i] = s[j];
s[j] = temp;
}
else if(s[j].score_test == s[i].score_test && s[j].stu_id < s[i].stu_id)
{
temp = s[i];
s[i] = s[j];
s[j] = temp;
}
}
}
printf("学号\t姓名\t总成绩\n");
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
printf("%!d(MISSING)\t%!s(MISSING)\t%!f(MISSING)\n", s[i].stu_id, s[i].stu_name, s[i].score_test);
}
}
参考GPT和自己的思路，以下是一个符合要求的C语言课程成绩管理程序：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
typedef struct student {
char id[20];
char name[20];
float usualScore;
float examScore;
float totalScore;
} Student;
void input(int n, Student **students) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("请输入第%d个学生的信息：\n", i + 1);
printf("学号：");
scanf("%s", students[i]->id);
printf("姓名：");
scanf("%s", students[i]->name);
printf("平时成绩：");
scanf("%f", &(students[i]->usualScore));
printf("卷面成绩：");
scanf("%f", &(students[i]->examScore));
}
}
void calculate1(int n, Student **students, float *maxScore, float *minScore, float *averageScore, float *passRate) {
int i, passCount = 0;
*maxScore = students[0]->examScore;
*minScore = students[0]->examScore;
*averageScore = 0;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if (students[i]->examScore > *maxScore) {
*maxScore = students[i]->examScore;
}
if (students[i]->examScore < *minScore) {
*minScore = students[i]->examScore;
}
*averageScore += students[i]->examScore;
if (students[i]->totalScore >= 60) {
passCount++;
}
}
*averageScore /= n;
*passRate = (float)passCount / n;
}
void calculate2(int n, Student **students) {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
students[i]->totalScore = students[i]->usualScore * 0.4 + students[i]->examScore * 0.6;
}
}
void output1(float maxScore, float minScore, float averageScore, float passRate) {
printf("卷面成绩最高分：%.2f\n", maxScore);
printf("卷面成绩最低分：%.2f\n", minScore);
printf("卷面成绩平均分：%.2f\n", averageScore);
printf("及格率：%.2f%%\n", passRate * 100);
}
void output2(int n, Student **students) {
int i, j;
Student *temp;
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
if (students[i]->totalScore < students[j]->totalScore || (students[i]->totalScore == students[j]->totalScore && strcmp(students[i]->id, students[j]->id) > 0)) {
temp = students[i];
students[i] = students[j];
students[j] = temp;
}
}
}
// 按总成绩从高到低排序
for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {
if (students[j].total_score < students[j+1].total_score) {
// 交换两个学生的位置
swap(&students[j], &students[j+1]);
} else if (students[j].total_score == students[j+1].total_score) {
// 如果总成绩相同，按学号从小到大排序
if (strcmp(students[j].id, students[j+1].id) > 0) {
// 交换两个学生的位置
swap(&students[j], &students[j+1]);
}
}
}
}
// 输出按总成绩从高到低的所有学生信息
for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
printf("学号：%s 姓名：%s 总成绩：%.2f\n", students[i].id, students[i].name, students[i].total_score);
}
// 释放动态分配的内存
free(students);
return 0;
}
注意，在这段代码中，我们使用了 swap 函数来交换两个学生结构体的位置。具体实现可以参考下面的代码：
void swap(Student *a, Student *b) {
Student temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
这样，我们就完成了整个程序的编写。希望能对您有所帮助。