链表一元多项式相加,加法算不出

为什么输入的数字变多就不执行相加了
怎么改


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//一元多项式相加
typedef struct Node{

int floatcoef; //序数

int intexpn; //指数

struct Node* next;

}Node;



Node* creat(){

Node* head=(Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));

Node* tail=head;

int coef;//序数
int expn;//指数

scanf("%d %d",&coef,&expn);

while(coef!=0){//////////////////
    Node* node=(Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));


    if(node!=NULL){///////////
    node->floatcoef=coef;
    node->intexpn=expn;
                    }

    node->next=NULL;
    tail->next=node;
    tail=node;
    scanf("%d %d",&coef,&expn);
}

return head;
}



Node* addpoly(Node* leftpoint,Node* rightpoint){

Node* head1=leftpoint->next;
Node* head2=rightpoint->next;
Node* temp=leftpoint;



while(head1!=NULL&&head2!=NULL){

    if(head1->intexpn<head2->intexpn){

        temp->next=head1;
        head1=head1->next;
        temp=temp->next;
    }
    else if(head2->intexpn<head1->intexpn){
        temp->next=head2->next;
        head2=head2->next;
        temp=temp->next;
    }
    else{
        head1->intexpn+=head2->intexpn;
        temp->next=head1;
        temp=temp->next;
        head1=head1->next;
        head2=head2->next;
    }

}
if(head1!=NULL){
    temp->next=head1;
}
else temp->next=head2;

return leftpoint;

}



void print(Node* h){

Node* cur=h->next;

printf("%dx^%d",cur->floatcoef,cur->intexpn);

cur=cur->next;

while(cur){
        if(cur->floatcoef==0);

    else{
        printf("+%dx^%d\n",cur->floatcoef,cur->intexpn);
        }
cur=cur->next;
}



}

int main()
{
    Node* a=creat();

    print(a);

    Node* b=creat();

    print(b);


    print(addpoly(a,b));
    return 0;
}

你的代码,输入的数字并没有影响相加的执行。我猜测你指的可能是输入的多项式的项数变多后程序执行出现问题。这是因为你的代码中没有针对多项式项数过多的处理,导致链表过长,会影响程序运行时间。

解决这个问题的方法可以是增加一个计数器,限制输入的多项式项数不要超过一个固定值,比如100。你可以在 creat() 函数中添加一个计数器变量 count,每读入一个系数就将计数器加1,当 count 大于设定值时,停止读入,输出提示信息。修改后的代码如下:

Node* creat(){

    Node* head=(Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));

    Node* tail=head;

    int coef;//序数
    int expn;//指数
    int count = 0; // 计数器

    printf("请按照 x^n 的次序输入多项式(n从小到大):\n");

    scanf("%d %d",&coef,&expn);

    while(coef!=0){

        Node* node=(Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node));

        if(node!=NULL){

            node->floatcoef=coef;
            node->intexpn=expn;
            node->next=NULL;

            count++; // 计数器加1

           
            else { // 添加节点到链表中

                tail->next=node;
                tail=node;
            }
        }

        scanf("%d %d",&coef,&expn);
    }

    return head;
}

另外,在 addpoly() 函数中,你在将 head2 插入结果链表时,错误的使用了 temp->next=head2->next;,应该改成 temp->next=head2;。

修改后的 addpoly() 函数如下:


```c++
Node* addpoly(Node* leftpoint, Node* rightpoint){

    Node* head1=leftpoint->next;
    Node* head2=rightpoint->next;

    Node* temp=leftpoint;

    while(head1!=NULL && head2!=NULL){

        if(head1->intexpn < head2->intexpn){

            temp->next=head1;
            head1=head1->next;
            temp=temp->next;
        }
        else if(head2->intexpn < head1->intexpn){

            temp->next=head2;
            head2=head2->next;
            temp=temp->next;
        }
        else{

            head1->floatcoef += head2->floatcoef;
            if (head1->floatcoef != 0) {
                temp->next=head1;
                temp=temp->next;
            }
            head1=head1->next;
            head2=head2->next;
        }
    }

    if(head1!=NULL){
        temp->next=head1;
    }
    else{
        temp->next=head2;
    }

    return leftpoint;
}


一元多项式的相加减运算,一个函数实现相加、减,供参考:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef int Status;
//链式多项式的创建 
typedef struct PNode
{
    float coef;
    int   expn;
    struct PNode* next;
}PNode, * Polynomial;
//创建多项式 
void CreatePolyn(Polynomial& P, int n)
{
    int i;
    P = new PNode;
    P->next = NULL;
    cout << "请分别输入多项式的系数和指数!" << endl;
    for (i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
    {
        Polynomial s = new PNode;
        cin >> s->coef >> s->expn;
        Polynomial pre = P;
        Polynomial q = P->next;
        while (q && q->expn < s->expn)
        {
            pre = q;
            q = q->next;
        }
        s->next = q;
        pre->next = s;
    }
}
//多项式的相加、减 ,flag值为 0 做加法,flag值为 1 做减法
void Add_Cut_Polyn(Polynomial Pa, Polynomial Pb, int flag = 0)
{
 
    if ((!Pa || !Pa->next) && (!Pb || !Pb->next))  return; 
    Polynomial p1 = Pa->next, p2 = Pb->next;
    Polynomial p3 = new PNode, pt3 = p3, p = NULL; 
    p3->next = NULL;                  
    while (p1 && p2)
    {
        float sum = 0;
        if (p1->expn == p2->expn){
            sum = flag ? p1->coef - p2->coef : p1->coef + p2->coef;
            if (sum != 0){
                p = new PNode;
                p->next = NULL;
                p->coef = sum;
                p->expn = p1->expn;
                
                pt3->next = p;
                pt3 = p;
            }
            p1 = p1->next; 
            p2 = p2->next; 
        }
        else {
            p = new PNode;
            p->next = NULL;
            if (p1->expn < p2->expn) {
                p->coef = p1->coef;
                p->expn = p1->expn;
                p1 = p1->next;
            }
            else{
                p->coef = p2->coef;
                p->expn = p2->expn;
                p2 = p2->next;
            }
            pt3->next = p;
            pt3 = p;            
        }
    }
    p1 = p1 ? p1 : p2;
    while (p1) {
        p = new PNode;
        p->next = NULL;
        p->coef = p1->coef;
        p->expn = p1->expn;
        pt3->next = p;
        pt3 = p;
        p1 = p1->next;
    }
    pt3 = p3;
    p = p3->next;
    while (p){
        cout << p->coef << "x^" << p->expn;
        if (p->next && p->next->coef > 0)
            cout << "+";
        delete pt3;
        pt3 = p;
        p = p->next;
    }
    delete pt3;
    cout << endl;
}
 
int main()
{
    int a, b = 1;
    //Polynomial(P);
    Polynomial Pa = NULL;
    Polynomial Pb = NULL;
    cout << "请选择你要进行的操作: " << endl;
    while (b)
    {
        cout << "--------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "1.创建多项式     2.多项式相加     3.多项式相减    4.退出操作" << endl;
        cin >> a;
        switch (a)
        {
            int n, m;
        case(1): cout << "请输入Pa的项数: " << endl; cin >> n;
            CreatePolyn(Pa, n);
            cout << "请输入Pb的项数: " << endl; cin >> m;
            CreatePolyn(Pb, m); break;
        case(2): Add_Cut_Polyn(Pa, Pb, 0); break;  
        case(3): Add_Cut_Polyn(Pa, Pb, 1); break;
        case(4): exit(0);
        default: printf("输入有误!请重新输入!");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

【以下回答由 GPT 生成】

根据您的描述,代码中的错误已经修复,现在可以执行相加操作了。以下是优化后的代码:

Node* addpoly(Node* leftpoint, Node* rightpoint){
    Node* head1 = leftpoint->next;
    Node* head2 = rightpoint->next;
    Node* temp = leftpoint;

    while(head1 != NULL && head2 != NULL){
        if(head1->intexpn < head2->intexpn){
            temp->next = head1;
            head1 = head1->next;
            temp = temp->next;
        }
        else if(head2->intexpn < head1->intexpn){
            temp->next = head2;
            head2 = head2->next;
            temp = temp->next;
        }
        else{
            head1->floatcoef += head2->floatcoef;
            temp->next = head1;
            temp = temp->next;
            head1 = head1->next;
            head2 = head2->next;
        }
    }

    if(head1 != NULL){
        temp->next = head1;
    }
    else{
        temp->next = head2;
    }

    return leftpoint;
}

请您确认一下是否满意我的回答。



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