初学OptaPlanner，在测试@ShadowVariable注解时，总是报错：
The entityClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Room) has an @InverseRelationShadowVariable annotated property (lessons) with a sourceClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson) which is not a valid planning entity.
仅在案例TimeTable的基础上，为Room类增加了一个阴影变量lessons，其余不变。
烦请各位帮忙看看如何解决。不胜感激。或者，烦请指示，在TimeTable案例的基础上，如何在Room类里增加一个lessonCount阴影变量，以便其可以跟随Lesson类里room变量变化而变化。
@PlanningEntity
public class Lesson {
@PlanningId
private Long id;
private String subject;
private String teacher;
private String studentGroup;
@PlanningVariable
private Timeslot timeslot;
@PlanningVariable
private Room room;
// No-arg constructor required for OptaPlanner
public Lesson() {
}
public Lesson(long id, String subject, String teacher, String studentGroup) {
this.id = id;
this.subject = subject;
this.teacher = teacher;
this.studentGroup = studentGroup;
}
public Lesson(long id, String subject, String teacher, String studentGroup, Timeslot timeslot, Room room) {
this(id, subject, teacher, studentGroup);
this.timeslot = timeslot;
this.room = room;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return subject + "(" + id + ")";
}
// ************************************************************************
// Getters and setters
// ************************************************************************
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public String getSubject() {
return subject;
}
public String getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public String getStudentGroup() {
return studentGroup;
}
public Timeslot getTimeslot() {
return timeslot;
}
public void setTimeslot(Timeslot timeslot) {
this.timeslot = timeslot;
}
public Room getRoom() {
return room;
}
public void setRoom(Room room) {
this.room = room;
}
}
@Slf4j
@PlanningEntity
public class Room {
@PlanningId
private Long id;
private String name;
// *********** 测试01 *************************
// @InverseRelationShadowVariable(sourceVariableName = "room")
// public List<Lesson> lessons = new ArrayList<>();
//
// public Integer getLessonCount() {
// log.info("size: {}", lessons.size());
// return this.lessons.size();
// }
// *********** 测试02 *************************
@ShadowVariable(variableListenerClass = LessonCountUpdatingVariableListener.class, sourceEntityClass = Lesson.class, sourceVariableName = "room")
private Integer lessonCount = 0;
public Integer getLessonCount() {
return lessonCount;
}
public void setLessonCount(Integer lessonCount) {
this.lessonCount = lessonCount;
}
public Room() {
}
public Room(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Room(long id, String name) {
this(name);
this.id = id;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return name;
}
// ************************************************************************
// Getters and setters
// ************************************************************************
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
@PlanningSolution
public class TimeTable {
@ProblemFactCollectionProperty
@ValueRangeProvider
private List<Timeslot> timeslotList;
@ProblemFactCollectionProperty
@ValueRangeProvider
private List<Room> roomList;
@PlanningEntityCollectionProperty
private List<Lesson> lessonList;
@PlanningScore
private HardSoftScore score;
// No-arg constructor required for OptaPlanner
public TimeTable() {
}
public TimeTable(List<Timeslot> timeslotList, List<Room> roomList, List<Lesson> lessonList) {
this.timeslotList = timeslotList;
this.roomList = roomList;
this.lessonList = lessonList;
}
// ************************************************************************
// Getters and setters
// ************************************************************************
public List<Timeslot> getTimeslotList() {
return timeslotList;
}
public List<Room> getRoomList() {
return roomList;
}
public List<Lesson> getLessonList() {
return lessonList;
}
public HardSoftScore getScore() {
return score;
}
}
@Slf4j
public class LessonCountUpdatingVariableListener implements VariableListener<TimeTable, Lesson> {
@Override
public void beforeVariableChanged(ScoreDirector<TimeTable> scoreDirector, Lesson lesson) {
log.info("==>beforeVariableChanged");
Room room = lesson.getRoom();
if (room != null) {
scoreDirector.beforeVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
room.setLessonCount(room.getLessonCount() - 1);
scoreDirector.afterVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
}
}
@Override
public void afterVariableChanged(ScoreDirector<TimeTable> scoreDirector, Lesson lesson) {
log.info("==>afterVariableChanged");
Room room = lesson.getRoom();
if (room != null) {
scoreDirector.beforeVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
room.setLessonCount(room.getLessonCount() + 1);
scoreDirector.afterVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
}
}
@Override
public void beforeEntityAdded(ScoreDirector<TimeTable> scoreDirector, Lesson lesson) {
log.info("==>beforeEntityAdded");
Room room = lesson.getRoom();
if (room != null) {
scoreDirector.beforeVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
room.setLessonCount(room.getLessonCount() + 1);
scoreDirector.afterVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
}
}
@Override
public void afterEntityAdded(ScoreDirector<TimeTable> scoreDirector, Lesson lesson) {
log.info("==>afterEntityAdded");
}
@Override
public void beforeEntityRemoved(ScoreDirector<TimeTable> scoreDirector, Lesson lesson) {
log.info("==>beforeEntityRemoved");
Room room = lesson.getRoom();
if (room != null) {
scoreDirector.beforeVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
room.setLessonCount(room.getLessonCount() - 1);
scoreDirector.afterVariableChanged(room, "lessonCount");
}
}
@Override
public void afterEntityRemoved(ScoreDirector<TimeTable> scoreDirector, Lesson lesson) {
log.info("==>afterEntityRemoved");
}
}
SolverFactory<TimeTable> solverFactory = SolverFactory.create(new SolverConfig()
.withSolutionClass(TimeTable.class)
.withEntityClasses(Lesson.class)
.withEntityClasses(Room.class)
.withConstraintProviderClass(TimeTableConstraintProvider.class)
// The solver runs only for 5 seconds on this small dataset.
// It's recommended to run for at least 5 minutes ("5m") otherwise.
.withTerminationSpentLimit(Duration.ofSeconds(1)));
// Load the problem
TimeTable problem = generateDemoData();
// Solve the problem
Solver<TimeTable> solver = solverFactory.buildSolver();
TimeTable solution = solver.solve(problem);
2023-08-07 09:54:48,331 ERROR [http-nio-8090-exec-5] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[.[dispatcherServlet].log(175): Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [/api] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The entityClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Room) has an @InverseRelationShadowVariable annotated property (lessonList) with a sourceClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson) which is not a valid planning entity.
Maybe check the annotations of the class (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson).
Maybe add the class (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson) among planning entities in the solver configuration.] with root cause
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The entityClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Room) has an @InverseRelationShadowVariable annotated property (lessonList) with a sourceClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson) which is not a valid planning entity.
Maybe check the annotations of the class (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson).
Maybe add the class (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson) among planning entities in the solver configuration.
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.domain.variable.inverserelation.InverseRelationShadowVariableDescriptor.linkShadowSources(InverseRelationShadowVariableDescriptor.java:77) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.domain.variable.inverserelation.InverseRelationShadowVariableDescriptor.linkVariableDescriptors(InverseRelationShadowVariableDescriptor.java:47) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.domain.entity.descriptor.EntityDescriptor.linkVariableDescriptors(EntityDescriptor.java:413) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.domain.solution.descriptor.SolutionDescriptor.afterAnnotationsProcessed(SolutionDescriptor.java:482) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.domain.solution.descriptor.SolutionDescriptor.buildSolutionDescriptor(SolutionDescriptor.java:108) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.solver.DefaultSolverFactory.buildSolutionDescriptor(DefaultSolverFactory.java:147) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.impl.solver.DefaultSolverFactory.<init>(DefaultSolverFactory.java:69) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at org.optaplanner.core.api.solver.SolverFactory.create(SolverFactory.java:106) ~[optaplanner-core-impl-9.41.0.Final.jar:9.41.0.Final]
at com.example.optatest.controller.Test04Controller.test04(Test04Controller.java:27) ~[classes/:?]
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[?:?]
at jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[?:?]
at jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[?:?]
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[?:?]
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:205) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:150) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:117) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:895) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:808) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1067) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:963) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1006) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:898) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:655) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:4.0.FR]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:883) ~[spring-webmvc-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:764) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:4.0.FR]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:227) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) ~[tomcat-embed-websocket-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:117) ~[spring-web-5.3.16.jar:5.3.16]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:189) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:162) ~[tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:197) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:540) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:135) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:359) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:399) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:889) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1735) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-9.0.58.jar:9.0.58]
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829) [?:?]
写法上可能存在问题
Lesson 包含了Room 属性，Room 中又包含List，循环依赖了吧
@PlanningEntity
public class Lesson {
@PlanningVariable
private Room room;
}
你给的视频截图好像不是这么应用的。
OptaPlanner里的阴影变量必须要跟有效的规划实体相关联，你的代码里Room类不是，所以才一直报错
保证两端的类都是规划实体,然后建立关系绑定
OptaPlanner 是一个开源的基于约束编程的规划器，可以有效地解决优化问题。在 OptaPlanner 中，ShadowVariable 是一种特殊的变量，用于提高解决方案的效率。本文将详细介绍 OptaPlanner 的 ShadowVariable。
ShadowVariable 是一种不直接依赖于领域模型的变量。它们的值是根据规划算法或决策引擎确定的，并不是由领域模型状态决定的。它们的作用在于增强规划器的搜索效率，以实现更快的解决方案。
在 OptaPlanner 中，ShadowVariable 分为以下两种：
PlanningVariableReference 属性：这是一种特殊变量，用于在解决方案中引用其他变量。在解决方案中，决策引擎会寻找为每个 PlanningVariableReference 属性设置的变量值。这意味着 PlanningVariableReference 不提供任何直接信息，它只是给直接关联的 PlanningVariable 提供了一个引用。
ShadowVariable 属性：这是一种不直接映射到领域模型的变量，而是在规划过程中计算的变量。这些变量可以用于补充约束或者提高搜索效率。例如，在车辆路径规划问题中，我们可以定义一个 ShadowVariable，表示每个车辆行驶的距离，这会增加搜索空间，但可以通过合理地设置这个变量来提高搜索效率。
在 OptaPlanner 中，ShadowVariable 的值是根据当前解决方案中变量的值计算的，而不是从领域模型中获取。这意味着每次解决方案变化时，ShadowVariable 的值也会随之改变。这使得 OptaPlanner 可以利用 ShadowVariable 的值来加速搜索，同时还使得 ShadowVariable 的值成为解决方案的一部分。
使用 ShadowVariable 的好处在于它可以使规划器更加高效，并允许规划算法在搜索空间中探索更广泛的范围。此外，ShadowVariable 还可以用于引入新的限制条件或目标功能，从而更好地定制解决方案。在实际应用中，ShadowVariable 的使用范围非常广泛，包括车辆路线规划、员工排班、资源调度等领域。
综上所述，ShadowVariable 是 OptaPlanner 中的一种特殊变量，用于提高解决方案的效率。它们的值不直接映射到领域模型，而是根据解决方案中其他变量的值计算得出的。ShadowVariable 可以用于引入新的限制条件或目标功能，并允许规划算法在搜索空间中探索更广泛的范围。这种技术在实际应用中十分有效，可用于解决各种优化问题。
已找到答案：
需在SolverConfig中将Lesson.class和Room.class并列作为参数，如下：
SolverFactory<TimeTable> solverFactory = SolverFactory.create(new SolverConfig()
.withSolutionClass(TimeTable.class)
.withEntityClasses(Lesson.class, Room.class)
.withConstraintProviderClass(TimeTableConstraintProvider.class)
.withTerminationSpentLimit(Duration.ofSeconds(1)));
您的问题似乎是由于@ShadowVariable注解的使用不正确导致的。根据OptaPlanner的文档，@ShadowVariable注解用于标记一个阴影变量（Shadow Variable），它是一个计算属性，用于优化规划问题的解决方案。
根据您提供的错误信息，问题出现在Room类的lessonList属性上，该属性被标记为@InverseRelationShadowVariable。根据错误信息，lessonList属性的源类（sourceClass）应该是一个有效的规划实体（planning entity），但是它被识别为无效的规划实体。
要解决这个问题，您可以检查以下几点：
Lesson类被正确地标记为规划实体（使用@PlanningEntity注解）。Room类被正确地标记为规划实体（使用@PlanningEntity注解）。lessonList属性在Room类中被正确地标记为阴影变量（使用@ShadowVariable注解）。【以下回答由 GPT 生成】
问题内容：初始OptaPlanner，在测试@ShadowVariable注解时，总是报错。实例TimeTable的基础上，为Room类增加了一个阴影变量lessons，但是报错 "The entityClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Room) has an @InverseRelationShadowVariable annotated property (lessons) with a sourceClass (class com.example.optatest.timeTabling.entity.Lesson) which is not a valid planning entity."
解决方案：
在OptaPlanner中，@ShadowVariable注解用于描述一个解的属性（阴影变量），这个属性值是根据其他规划变量计算得到的，而不是通过规划器生成的。
根据问题描述，Room类似乎不是一个有效的规划实体，因此无法在Room类中添加阴影变量。为了解决这个问题，需要将Room类标记为一个有效的规划实体，并在Room类中添加一个与Lesson类的room变量相关的阴影变量。
以下是可能的解决方案之一：
修改后的Room类可以如下所示：
@PlanningEntity
public class Room {
@PlanningId
private Long id;
private String name;
private int capacity;
@InverseRelationShadowVariable(sourceVariableName = "room")
private int lessonCount;
// No-arg constructor required for OptaPlanner
public Room() {
}
public Room(Long id, String name, int capacity) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.capacity = capacity;
}
// Getters and setters
@Override
public String toString() {
return name + " (" + id + ")";
}
}
在修改后的Room类中，lessonCount被标记为阴影变量，并且使用@InverseRelationShadowVariable注解引用了与Lesson类的room变量。这样，当Lesson类中的room变量发生变化时，该阴影变量也会相应地更新。
希望这个解决方案能够帮助您解决问题。如有其他疑问，请随时提问。
OptaPlanner里的阴影变量必须要跟有效的规划实体相关联，你的代码里Room类不是，所以才一直报错