在python中例用playwright自动化,找不到mail.163.com的控件

以下代码是在python中用playwright库操作mail.163.com,用这个方法在百度等很我网站都能用,但在这里没有问题。


```python
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright
import time
udr=r"C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data"
with sync_playwright() as p:
    browse = p.chromium.launch_persistent_context(user_data_dir=udr,headless=False)
    page = browse.new_page()
    page.goto(f"https://mail.163.com/")
    page.fill('[id="auto-id-1684461517276"]',"12345")
    time.sleep(10)

报错如下

```python
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\PY3\pythonProject8\12121.py", line 8, in <module>
    page.fill('[id="auto-id-1684461517276"]',"12345")
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\sync_api\_generated.py", line 10298, in fill
    self._sync(
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\_impl\_sync_base.py", line 104, in _sync
    return task.result()
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\_impl\_page.py", line 751, in fill
    return await self._main_frame.fill(**locals_to_params(locals()))
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\_impl\_frame.py", line 528, in fill
    await self._channel.send("fill", locals_to_params(locals()))
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\_impl\_connection.py", line 61, in send
    return await self._connection.wrap_api_call(
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\_impl\_connection.py", line 461, in wrap_api_call
    return await cb()
  File "C:\Program Files\Python38\lib\site-packages\playwright\_impl\_connection.py", line 96, in inner_send
    result = next(iter(done)).result()
playwright._impl._api_types.TimeoutError: Timeout 30000ms exceeded.

Playwright是一套跨浏览器的自动化工具,支持Chrome、Firefox和Webkit内核的浏览器。要使用Playwright自动化网页,我们需要:

  1. 安装Playwright
    可以使用pip安装:
bash
pip install playwright

  1. 选择浏览器
    启动自动化会话前,需要选择使用Chrome、Firefox或WebKit。例如,启动Chrome:
python
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright

with sync_playwright() as p:
    browser = p.chromium.launch()

  1. 访问网址并等待页面加载
    可以使用browser.goto()访问网址,并使用page.wait_for_load_state()等待页面加载完成:
python
page = browser.new_page()
page.goto("https://mail.163.com/")
page.wait_for_load_state("domcontentloaded")

  1. 定位页面控件并执行交互
    Playwright可以根据多种选择器(CSS选择器、XPath、ID等)快速定位页面控件,并执行点击、输入等交互。例如:
python
login_button = page.query_selector("button.j-input-btn")
login_button.click()

username_input = page.query_selector('input[name="email"]')
username_input.fill("username")

那么,这位提问者可能遇到的困难有:

  1. 没有正确安装或配置Playwright
  2. 选择了错误的浏览器,163邮箱需要使用Chrome或WebKit内核的浏览器
  3. 需要更精确地定位163邮箱登录页的控件,CSS选择器或XPath选择有误
  4. 登录流程较复杂,仅点击登录按钮不够,还需要输入用户名、密码、验证码等
    我的建议是:
  5. 仔细检查Playwright的安装和配置,确保可以正常工作
  6. 选择Chrome或WebKit作为浏览器
  7. 使用元素检查工具精确获取登录页各输入框和按钮的选择器
  8. 模拟整个登录流程,不仅仅是点击一个按钮