**lcd.h**
#ifndef __LCD_H_
#define __LCD_H_
/**********************************
当使用的是4位数据传输的时候定义,
使用8位取消这个定义
**********************************/
//#define LCD1602_4PINS
/**********************************
包含头文件
**********************************/
#include<reg51.h>
#include <intrins.h>
//重定义关键词//
#ifndef uchar
#define uchar unsigned char
#endif
#ifndef uint
#define uint unsigned int
#endif
/**********************************
PIN口定义
**********************************/
#define LCD1602_DB P0 //data bus 数据总线
sbit LCD1602_RS = P2^6;
sbit LCD1602_RW = P2^5;
sbit LCD1602_EN = P2^7;
/**********************************
函数声明
**********************************/
/*在51单片机12MHZ时钟下的延时函数*/
void Lcd1602_Delay1ms(uint c); //误差 0us
void Read_Busy(); //忙检测函数,判断bit7是0,允许执行;1禁止
void Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(unsigned char cmd); //写命令
void Lcd1602_Write_Data(unsigned char dat); //写数据
void LcdSetCursor(unsigned char x,unsigned char y); //坐标显示
void LcdShowStr(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *str); //显示字符串
void InitLcd1602(); //1602初始化
void DisplayOneChar(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y, unsigned char DData);
#endif
**超声测距.c**
#include<reg51.h>
#include<lcd.h>
#include <intrins.h>
sbit trig=P2^1;
sbit echo=P2^0;
void Read_Busy() //忙检测函数,判断bit7是0,允许执行;1禁止
{
unsigned char sta; //
LCD1602_DB = 0xff;
LCD1602_RS = 0;
LCD1602_RW = 1;
do
{
LCD1602_EN = 1;
sta = LCD1602_DB;
LCD1602_EN = 0; //使能,用完就拉低,释放总线
}while(sta & 0x80);
}
void Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(unsigned char cmd) //写命令
{
Read_Busy();
LCD1602_RS = 0;
LCD1602_RW = 0;
LCD1602_DB = cmd;
LCD1602_EN = 1;
LCD1602_EN = 0;
}
void Lcd1602_Write_Data(unsigned char dat) //写数据
{
Read_Busy();
LCD1602_RS = 1;
LCD1602_RW = 0;
LCD1602_DB = dat;
LCD1602_EN = 1;
LCD1602_EN = 0;
}
void LcdSetCursor(unsigned char x,unsigned char y) //坐标显示
{
unsigned char addr;
if(y == 0)
addr = 0x00 + x;
else
addr = 0x40 + x;
Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(addr|0x80);
}
//按指定位置显示一个字符
void DisplayOneChar(unsigned char X, unsigned char Y, unsigned char DData)
{
Y &= 0x1;
X &= 0xF; //限制X不能大于15,Y不能大于1
if (Y) X |= 0x40; //当要显示第二行时地址码+0x40;
X |= 0x80; //算出指令码
Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(X); //发命令字
Lcd1602_Write_Data(DData); //发数据
}
void LcdShowStr(unsigned char x,unsigned char y,unsigned char *str) //显示字符串
{
LcdSetCursor(x,y); //当前字符的坐标
while(*str != '\0')
{
Lcd1602_Write_Data(*str++);
}
}
void InitLcd1602() //1602初始化
{
Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(0x38); //打开,5*8,8位数据
Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(0x0c);
Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(0x06);
Lcd1602_Write_Cmd(0x01); //清屏
}
void timeinit()
{
TMOD=0;
TH0=0x00;
TL0=0x00;
TR0=0;
}
void ultrasoundinit()
{
trig=0;
echo=1;
timeinit();
}
void delay20us()
{
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
_nop_( );
}
void Delay100ms()
{
uchar i, j;
i = 195;
j = 138;
do
{
while (--j);
} while (--i);
}
float distancemeasure()
{
unsigned short time;
float distance;
trig=1;
delay20us();
trig=0;
while(echo==0);
TR0=1;
while(echo==1);
TR0=0;
time=TH0*256+TL0;
distance=(float)(time*0.01567);
TH0=0;
TL0=0;
return distance;
}
void main()
{
unsigned char disvalue[4];
unsigned short value=0;
InitLcd1602();
ultrasoundinit();
LcdShowStr(0,0,"Distance:");
LcdShowStr(4,1,"cm");
while(1)
{
value=distancemeasure();
disvalue[0]=value/100+0x30;
disvalue[1]=(value/10)%10+0x30;
disvalue[2]=value%10+0x30;
disvalue[3]='\0';
if(value/100>2)
{
LcdShowStr(0,1,"xxx");
}
else
LcdShowStr(0,1,disvalue);
delay100ms();
}
}
以下两张图分别展示了第二行未正常显示的情况和测距不准的情况(可以看到hcsr04离板子非常近,目测只有几厘米,但是测量值却超出了很多)
感谢帮助