C++初学者,简单小程序改进


#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

class student{
public:
    student(string name, string dormitoryNo, int type){
        m_name=name;
        m_dormitoryNo=dormitoryNo;
        this->m_type=type;
    }
    string m_name;
    string m_dormitoryNo;
    int m_type;
};
//学生宿舍管理系统
vector<student>p;//学生类数组

void show_menu()//菜单展示
{
    cout<<"****************************************************************"<<endl;
    cout<<"                欢迎使用学生宿舍管理系统                    "<<endl;
    cout<<"                        1.增加学生                                 "<<endl;
    cout<<"                        2.学生搬出                                 "<<endl;
    cout<<"                        3.查询学生信息                              "<<endl;
    cout<<"                        4.修改学生信息                              "<<endl;
    cout<<"                        5.输出学生信息                              "<<endl;
    cout<<"                        0.退出系统                                 "<<endl;
    cout<<"****************************************************************"<<endl;

}
void add_student()//添加学生
{
    string name,dormitoryNo;
    int type;
    cout<<"请输入学生姓名:"<<endl;
    cin>>name;
    cout<<"请输入学生性别(1.男生,2.女生)"<<endl;
    cin>>type;
    cout<<"请输入学生宿舍号:"<<endl;
    cin >> dormitoryNo;
    student p1(name, dormitoryNo, type);
    p.push_back(p1);
    cout<<"添加成功~"<<endl;
    cout<<"目前学生数:"<<p.size();
}
void delete_student()//删除学生
{
    string name;
    cout<<"请输入要搬出的学生姓名: "<<endl;
    cin>>name;
    for(int i=0;i<p.size();i++){
        if(p[i].m_name==name) {
            p.erase(p.begin() + i);
            cout << "操作成功~" << endl;
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"查无此人,请检查输入"<<endl;
        }
    }
}
void inquery_student()//查询学生信息
{
    string name;
    cout<<"请输入要查询的学生姓名: "<<endl;
    cin>>name;
    for(int i=0;i<p.size();i++){
        if(p[i].m_name==name)
        {
            cout<<"学生姓名:"<<p[i].m_name<<endl;
            cout<<"学生性别:" ;
            if(p[i].m_type==1)cout<<"男生"<<endl;
            else cout<<"女生"<<endl;
            cout<<"宿舍号:"<<p[i].m_dormitoryNo<<endl;
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"查无此人,请检查输入"<<endl;
        }
    }
}
void revise_student()//修改学生信息
{
    string name,dormitoryNo;int type;
    cout<<"请输入要修改的学生姓名: "<<endl;
    cin>>name;int i=0;
    for(;i<p.size();i++){
        if(p[i].m_name==name)
        {
            cout<<"修改后的学生性别:(1.男生,2.女生)"<<endl;
            cin>>type;
            p[i].m_type=type;
            cout<<"修改后的学生宿舍号:"<<endl;
            cin >> dormitoryNo;
            p[i].m_dormitoryNo=dormitoryNo;
        }
        else
        {
            cout<<"查无此人,请检查输入"<<endl;
        }
    }
    cout<<"修改成功"<<endl;
}
void output_student()//输出学生信息
{
    for(int i=0;i<p.size();i++){
        cout<<"学生姓名:"<<p[i].m_name<<endl;
        cout<<"学生类型: ";
        if(p[i].m_type==1)cout<<"男生"<<endl;
        else cout<<"女生"<<endl;
        cout<<"学生宿舍号: "<<p[i].m_dormitoryNo<<endl;
        cout<<"*************************"<<endl;
    }
}

int main()
{
    int choice;//记录用户选择
    while(1){
        show_menu();
        cout<<"请输入你的选择:"<<endl;
        cin>>choice;
        switch(choice){
            case 1:
                add_student();
                break;
            case 2:
                delete_student();
                break;
            case 3:
                inquery_student();
                break;
            case 4:
                revise_student();
                break;
            case 5:
                output_student();
                break;

            case 0:
                cout<<"欢迎下次使用~"<<endl;
                return 0;
            default:
                cout<<"输入有误"<<endl;
        }
    }
}

我这个是一个简单的学生宿舍管理系统,但功能太简单,难一些的写不出来,麻烦看一下,在我这个基础上填加一些功能,给一个完整的改后代码,要是再能有注释就太感谢了

这是一个完整的

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#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<malloc.h>

/*先用结构体定义学生信息*/
struct stud 
{
    int   num;            //学号 
    char  name[10];        //姓名 
    char  sex[8];        //性别 
    int   age;            //年龄 
    char  major[18];     //专业 
    int   grade;        //年级 
    int   classes;        //班级 
    int   building;        //楼号 
    int   floor;        //楼层 
    int   dormitary;    //宿舍号 
    struct stud *next; /*next是指向本结构体的类型的指针类型*/
};
struct stud *h;     /*定义结构体的指针变量*/

int N=sizeof(struct stud);//获取结构体总长度,用于分配内存空间 

/*输入模块: 建立链表*/
void input_message()
{   struct stud *p1,*p2;
    int i,k;

    system("cls");
    printf("********** 您当前正在进行的操作是,输入学生信息 **********\n\n");
    printf("请输入本次注册的生总数:");scanf("%d",&k);
    h=NULL;
    printf("\n您共有%d个学生信息需要录入\n",k);
     
    if(k>0)
    { 
      h=p2=p1=(struct stud*)malloc(N);     /*为head,p2,p1申请存储空间*/
      for(i=1;i<=k;i++)
      { 
        printf("\n请输入第%d名学生的信息:\n\n",i);
        p1=(struct stud*)malloc(N);
        printf("学号:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->num);
        printf("姓名:");
        scanf("%s",p1->name);
        printf("性别(男或女):");
        scanf("%s",p1->sex);
        printf("年龄:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->age);
        printf("专业:");
        scanf("%s",p1->major);
        printf("年级:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->grade);
        printf("班级:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->classes);
        printf("楼号:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->building);
        printf("楼层:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->floor);
        printf("宿舍号:");
        scanf("%d",&p1->dormitary);
        p2->next=p1;                            /*将新结点连到表尾*/
        p2=p1;                                  /*p2指向新的表尾*/
       }
       p2->next=NULL;
       h=h->next;
      }
      
      getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
      printf("\n%*s%s\n",10," ","输入完成,按任意键进入主菜单!!!!");
      getchar();
}

/*输出模块:显示链表*/
void output_message()
{
    char v;
    struct stud *p=h;
    system("cls");
    printf("********** 您当前正在进行的操作是,显示学生信息 **********\n\n");
    
    if(p==NULL)
    {
        printf("%*s%s\n",10," ","当前没有找到任何学生信息,请您先输入信息,再执行本操作!\n");
        getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
        printf("%*s%s\n",10," ","按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        getchar();
        return; 
    }

    printf("  学号      姓名  性别  年龄      专业  年级  班级  楼号  楼层  宿舍号\n\n");
    while(p!=NULL)
    {
        printf("%6d%10s%6s%6d%10s%6d%6d%6d%6d%8d\n",p->num,p->name,p->sex,p->age,p->major,p->grade,p->classes,p->building,p->floor,p->dormitary);
        p=p->next;
    }
    
    getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
    printf("\n%*s%s\n",10," ","输出完成,按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
    getchar();
}

/*插入新学生信息:插入链表*/
void insert_message()
{  
    struct stud *p0,*p1;
    p1=(struct stud *)malloc(N);
    system("cls");
    printf("********** 您当前正在进行的操作是,插入学生信息 **********\n\n");
       
       printf("\n请输入要插入学生的信息:\n\n");
    p1=(struct stud*)malloc(N);
    printf("学号:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->num);
    printf("姓名:");
    scanf("%s",p1->name);
    printf("性别(男或女):");
    scanf("%s",p1->sex);
    printf("年龄:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->age);
    printf("专业:");
    scanf("%s",p1->major);
    printf("年级:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->grade);
    printf("班级:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->classes);
    printf("楼号:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->building);
    printf("楼层:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->floor);
    printf("宿舍号:");
    scanf("%d",&p1->dormitary);
    p1->next=NULL;
   
    if(h==NULL)//如果链表为空,插入的节点设为表头
    {  
           h=p1;
        getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
        printf("\n%*s%s\n",10," ","插入成功! 按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        getchar();
        return;
    }
    
    p0=h;
    while((p0->next)!=NULL&&(p0->next->num)<(p1->num))
    {
        p0=p0->next;
    }
   
    if(p0->next==NULL)
    {
        p0->next=p1; //如果到尾部了加到尾部
        getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
        printf("\n%*s%s\n",10," ","插入成功! 按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        getchar(); 
    }
    else if((p0->next->num)==(p1->num))
    {
        free(p1);    //如果已经存在这个学号,那就不能再插入了,释放
        
        getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
        printf("\n%*s%s\n",10," ","插入失败,本学号信息已经存在! 按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        getchar();
    }
    else
    {
        //插入 
        p1->next=p0->next;
        p0->next=p1; 
        
        getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
        printf("\n%*s%s\n",10," ","插入成功! 按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        getchar();            
    }
}

/*删除学生信息*/
void del_message()
{  
    int num;
    bool delOk=false;
    
    struct stud *p0,*p1;
    
    system("cls");
    printf("********** 您当前正在进行的操作是,删除学生信息 **********\n\n");
        
    if(h==NULL)
    {
        printf("%*s%s\n",10," ","当前没有找到任何学生信息,请您先输入信息,再执行本操作!\n");
        getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
        printf("%*s%s\n",10," ","按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        getchar();
        return; 
    }
    
    printf("请输入要删除学生的学号:");
    scanf("%d",&num);
    p0=h;
    if(p0->num==num)
    {
        h=p0->next;
        free(p0);                              /*若首结点是所要删除的数据,则释放首结点*/
        delOk=true;
    }
    else
    {
        p1=p0->next;
        while(p1!=NULL)
        {
            if(p1->num==num)
            {
                p0->next=p1->next;
                free(p1);
                delOk=true;
                break; //跳出循环 
            }
            p0=p1;
            p1=p1->next;
       }        
     } 
     
    getchar();//吸收掉上一行录入时键入的回车符号,否则卡不住 
     if(delOk)
        printf("%*s%s\n",10," ","删除成功! 按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
     else
        printf("%*s%s\n",10," ","没有找到匹配学号,删除失败! 按任意键返回主菜单!!!!");
        
    getchar();

}

//主函数 
int main(void){
    int choice;
    
      do{
        system("cls");
        printf("\n\n\n");
        printf("%*s%s",10," ","********** 学 生 宿 舍 管 理 系 统 **********\n\n");
        printf("%*s%s",25," ","1.输入学生信息\n\n");
        printf("%*s%s",25," ","2.输出学生信息\n\n");
           printf("%*s%s",25," ","3.插入学生信息\n\n");
           printf("%*s%s",25," ","4.删除学生信息\n\n");
           printf("%*s%s",25," ","0.退出系统\n\n");
           printf("%*s%s",10," ","*********************************************\n\n");
           printf("%*s%s",10," ","请选择0-4之间任意整数:");
        scanf("%d",&choice);
       
       switch(choice)
       {
         case 1:input_message();break;
         case 2:output_message();break;
         case 3:insert_message();break;
         case 4:del_message();break;
         case 0:break;
       }
     }while(choice!=0);
}


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