python爬取文档乱码

# —*- codeing = utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2021/3/8 6:49
# @File :05. bs4实例——三国演义.py
# @Software : PyCharm
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

if __name__ == '__main__':
    headers = {
        'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0'
    }

    url = 'https://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html'
    page_text = requests.get (url=url, headers=headers).text
    
    # 在首页中解析出章节的标题和详情页的uil
    # 1 示例化BeatifulSoup对象，需要将源码数据加载到该对象中
    soup = BeautifulSoup (page_text, 'lxml')
    # 解析获取章节标题和详情页的url
    li_lest = soup.select ('.book-mulu > ul > li')
    fp = open ('./三国演义.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')
    for li in li_lest :
        title = li.a.string
        detail_url = 'https://www.shicimingju.com/' + li.a['href']
        # 对详情页发起请求，解析章节内容
        detail_page_text = requests.get (url=detail_url, headers=headers).text
        #
        delattr_soup = BeautifulSoup (detail_page_text, 'lxml')
        div_tag = delattr_soup.find ('div', class_='chapter_content')
        #
        content = div_tag.text
        #
        fp.write (title + ':' + content + '/n')
        print (title, '爬取成功')

到底哪里出现问题了

对于中文编码的文本提取，在获得response对象后，注意不是字符串，你需要将.text移动到soup语句，加上r.encoding=r.apparent_encoding，才不会出现乱码。

page_text = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers)

    page_text.encoding=page_text.apparent_encoding

    # 在首页中解析出章节的标题和详情页的uil

    # 1 示例化BeatifulSoup对象，需要将源码数据加载到该对象中

    soup = BeautifulSoup(page_text.text, 'lxml')

后面也作出如此更改，就行了

两种方法解决编码问题

方法一

url='https://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html'
r = requests.get(url)
html=r.content
html_doc=str(html,'utf-8') 

方法二

url='https://www.shicimingju.com/book/sanguoyanyi.html'
r=requests.get(url)
r.encoding='utf-8'
print(r.text)

看看在15行加 page_text.encoding='utf-8'

在27行加detail_page_text.encoding='utf-8'