Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/usr/local/hadoop/lib/hive-common-1.1.1.jar!/hive-log4j.properties
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: com/facebook/fb303/FacebookService$Iface : Unsupported major.minor version 51.0
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:643)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:277)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:73)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:212)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:205)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:323)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:294)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:268)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:643)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:277)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:73)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:212)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:205)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:323)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:294)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:268)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:274)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.getClass(MetaStoreUtils.java:1451)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:71)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:2841)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:2860)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:453)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:671)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:615)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:622)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:160)
这是因为依赖的Hadoop ‘jar’ 是使用 JDK 1.7 编译，但是我们在运行时却在 JDK 1.6 环境下运行。所以主要原因是 JDK 版本过低导致。
版本对照关系可以参考：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_class_file
Java SE 9 = 53 (0x35 hex)
Java SE 8 = 52 (0x34 hex)
Java SE 7 = 51 (0x33 hex)
Java SE 6.0 = 50 (0x32 hex)
Java SE 5.0 = 49 (0x31 hex)
JDK 1.4 = 48 (0x30 hex)
JDK 1.3 = 47 (0x2F hex)
JDK 1.2 = 46 (0x2E hex)
JDK 1.1 = 45 (0x2D hex)
根据上面的分析把 JDK 版本提升到 JDK 1.7 即可。