I have a simple card game (using 52 cards - no jokers) that I want to randomly pick 1 card at a time until the winning card is chosen.
I have the following array:
$cards = array(
'diamond' => array(
'A', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 'J', 'Q', 'K'
),
'heart' => array(
'A', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 'J', 'Q', 'K'
),
'club' => array(
'A', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 'J', 'Q', 'K'
),
'spades' => array(
'A', 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 'J', 'Q', 'K'
),
);
As you can see, this array is sorted. I would like to shuffle them using the PHP function shuffle($cards); but it didn't work.
What can I do in order to get this suffled?
I'd make classes Deck and Card. Card would hold what suit it is, as well as its 'number'. Then you can call method shuffle on Deck, which is simply an array of Cards. This way, all of the cards are sorted independent of their suit.
[Update] Features:
__construct and reset. They now use a new function, createDeck, which uses createSuit to ease the creation process.jsonSerialize will return the data to be serialized. In PHP 5.4 and above you can call json_encode on the object if it implements this interface. Before then, you can call json_encode($deck->jsonSerialize()).count($deck) to get the size of the deck.deck[0]->suit would return the suit of the first card of the deck.foreach loop.<?php
if (!interface_exists('JsonSerializable')) {
interface JsonSerializable {
/**
* @return mixed Return data which should be serialized by json_encode().
*/
function jsonSerialize();
}
}
class Card implements JsonSerializable {
/**
* @var string The suit for the card
*/
private $suit;
/**
* @var string The 'number' of the card. A bit of a misnomer, A, J, Q, K can be included.
*/
private $number;
/**
* Creates a new cards of suit $suit with number $number.
* @param string $suit
* @param string $number
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if $suit is not a string.
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if $number is not a string or an int.
*
* @todo More comprehensive checks to make sure each suit as number is valid.
*/
public function __construct($suit, $number) {
if (!is_string($suit)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(
'First parameter to Card::__construct() must be a string.'
);
}
if (!is_string($number) && !filter_var($number, FILTER_VALIDATE_INT)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(
'Second parameter to Card::__construct() must be a string or an int.'
);
}
$this->suit = $suit;
$this->number = $number;
}
/**
* @return string The suit for the card;
*/
public function suit() {
return $this->suit;
}
/**
* @return string The number for the card;
*/
public function number() {
return $this->number;
}
/**
* Returns a string depicting the card. Although it's json_encoded, don't
* rely on that fact. PHP 5.4 introduces the JsonSerializeable interface,
* which should be used to json_encode an object.
*
* @return string The Card as a string.
*/
public function __toString() {
return json_encode($this->jsonSerialize());
}
/**
* Returns the data that should be encoded into JSON.
* @return array Return data which should be serialized by json_encode().
*/
public function jsonSerialize() {
return get_object_vars($this);
}
}
class Deck implements IteratorAggregate, ArrayAccess, Countable, JsonSerializable {
private $deck;
/**
* Creates a new, unshuffled deck of cards, where the suits are in the order
* of diamonds, hearts, clubs, spades, and each suit is ordered A, 2 .. 10,
* J, Q, K.
*
* @param array $deck [optional] The deck of cards to be used.
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if the any of the elements in $deck are not type Card.
*/
public function __construct(array $deck=null) {
if (isset($deck) && count($deck) > 0) {
foreach ($deck as $card) {
if (!($card instanceof Card)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException(
'The first parameter to Deck::__construct must be an array'
. ' containing only objects of type Card'
);
}
}
$this->deck = $deck;
} else {
$this->deck = $this->createDeck();
}
}
/**
* Shuffle an array. Uses PHP's shuffle if no function is provided. If a
* function is provided, it must take an array of Cards as its only
* parameter.
* @param callable $function If $function isn't callable, shuffle will be used instead
* @return mixed Returns the result of the shuffle function.
*/
public function shuffle($function = null) {
if (is_callable($function, false, $callable_name)) {
return $callable_name($this->deck);
} else {
return shuffle($this->deck);
}
}
/**
* Used by IteratorAggregate to loop over the object.
* @return ArrayIterator
*/
public function getIterator() {
return new ArrayIterator($this->deck);
}
/**
* @param string $suit The suite to create.
* @return array The cards for the suit.
*/
private function createSuit($suit) {
return array(
new Card($suit, 'A'),
new Card($suit, '2'),
new Card($suit, '3'),
new Card($suit, '4'),
new Card($suit, '5'),
new Card($suit, '6'),
new Card($suit, '7'),
new Card($suit, '8'),
new Card($suit, '9'),
new Card($suit, '10'),
new Card($suit, 'J'),
new Card($suit, 'Q'),
new Card($suit, 'K')
);
}
/**
* Returns a new, unshuffled array of cards, where the suits are in the
* order of diamonds, hearts, clubs, spades, and each suit is ordered:
* A, 2 .. 10, J, Q, K.
* @return array An array of type Card.
*/
private function createDeck() {
return array_merge(
$this->createSuit('diamonds'),
$this->createSuit('hearts'),
$this->createSuit('clubs'),
$this->createSuit('spades')
);
}
/**
* Resets the deck to an unshuffled order, and returns the deck.
* @return \Deck
*/
public function reset() {
$this->deck = $this->createDeck();
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns the data that should be encoded into JSON. Note that any objects
* inside must also be jsonSerialized for anything less than PHP 5.4.
*
* @return mixed Return data which should be serialized by json_encode().
*/
public function jsonSerialize() {
$array = $this->deck;
foreach($array as &$card) {
/**
* @var Card $card
*/
$card = $card->jsonSerialize();
}
return $array;
}
/**
* Used by ArrayAccess. Determine whether an offset(index) exists.
* @param int $index The index to test for existence.
* @return boolean Returns true of the offset exists.
*/
public function offsetExists($index) {
return array_key_exists($index, $this->deck);
}
/**
* Used by ArrayAccess. Returns an item from the index provided.
* @param int $index The index to get..
* @return boolean Returns the object at the location.
* @throws OutOfBoundsException if you specify an index that does not exist.
*/
public function offsetGet($index) {
if (!$this->offsetExists($index)) {
throw new OutOfBoundsException(
"The index '$index' does not exist."
);
}
return $this->deck[$index];
}
/**
* Used by ArrayAccess. Sets an index with the value, or adds a value if it
* is null.
* @param int|null $index The index to set, or null to add.
* @param Card $value The card to set/add.
* @return void
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if the value provided is not a Card.
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if the index provided is not an integer.
* @throws OutOfBoundsException if the index provided does not exist.
*/
public function offsetSet($index, $value) {
if (!($value instanceof Card))
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Decks only contain cards.');
if ($index == null) {
$this->deck[] = $value;
return;
}
if (!is_numeric($index) || $index != (int) $index) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException("Index '$index' must be an integer.");
}
if (!$this->offsetExists($index)) {
throw new OutOfBoundsException("Index '$index' does not exist");
}
$this->deck[$index] = $value;
}
/**
* Unsets the index location.
* @param int $index
* @return void
* @throws InvalidArgumentException if the index provided does not exist.
*/
public function offsetUnset($index) {
if (!$this->offsetExists($index)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException("Index '$index' Does not exist.");
}
array_splice($this->deck, $index, 1);
}
/**
* Returns a string depicting the card. Although it's json_encoded, don't
* rely on that fact. PHP 5.4 introduces the JsonSerializeable interface,
* which should be used to json_encode an object.
*
* @return string The Card as a string.
*/
public function __toString() {
return json_encode($this->jsonSerialize());
}
/**
* Used by interface Count.
* @return int The size of the deck.
*/
function count() {
return count($this->deck);
}
}
header('Content-type:text/plain');
$deck = new Deck();
echo "Original Deck:
";
foreach ($deck as $card) {
echo $card . "
";
}
$deck->shuffle();
echo "After Shuffle:
";
foreach ($deck as $card) {
echo $card . "
";
}
/**
* Shuffles the array using the Fisher-Yates algorithm.
*/
function fisherYatesShuffle(array &$items) {
for ($i = count($items) - 1; $i > 0; $i--) {
$j = @mt_rand(0, $i);
$tmp = $items[$i];
$items[$i] = $items[$j];
$items[$j] = $tmp;
}
}
$deck->shuffle('fisherYatesShuffle');
echo "Reset, then custom shuffle:
";
foreach ($deck as $card) {
echo $card . "
";
}
echo "First card in the deck:";
echo $deck['0'] . "
";
echo "Deck reset. __toString() on \$deck: ".$deck->reset()."
";
First, determine the number of cards:
$numberOfCards = array_sum(array_map('count', $cards));
Then, create and shuffle the array of indexes:
$indexes = range(0, $numberOfCards);
shuffle($indexes);
Finally, draw numbers from indexes and use the associated card:
foreach ($indexes as $idx) {
foreach ($cards as $name=>$color) {
if ($idx < count($color)) {
$card = $color[$idx];
echo 'Draw: ' . $card . ' of ' . $color . "
";
break;
}
$idx -= count($color);
}
}
Here is my example. Draws a random card, then there is a Draw Again button that draws another random card.
//Matt's Deck - Random Card'
<?php
$cards = array("ah", "ac", "ad", "as",
"2h", "2c", "2d", "2s",
"3h", "3c", "3d", "3s",
"4h", "4c", "4d", "4s",
"5h", "5c", "5d", "5s",
"6h", "6c", "6d", "6s",
"7h", "7c", "7d", "7s",
"8h", "8c", "8d", "8s",
"9h", "9c", "9d", "9s",
"th", "tc", "td", "ts",
"jh", "jc", "jd", "js",
"qh", "qc", "qd", "qs",
"kh", "kc", "kd", "ks");
$deck = array_rand($cards);
switch ($deck){
case '0': echo 'Ace of Hearts';
break;
case '1': echo 'Ace of Clubs';
break;
case '2': echo 'Ace of Diamonds';
break;
case '3': echo 'Ace of Spades';
break;
case '4': echo 'Two of Hearts';
break;
case '5': echo 'Two of Clubs';
break;
case '6': echo 'Two of Diamonds';
break;
case '7': echo 'Two of Spades';
break;
case '8': echo 'Three of Hearts';
break;
case '9': echo 'Three of Clubs';
break;
case '10': echo 'Three of Diamonds';
break;
case '11': echo 'Three of Spades';
break;
case '12': echo 'Four of Hearts';
break;
case '13': echo 'Four of Clubs';
break;
case '14': echo 'Four of Diamonds';
break;
case '15': echo 'Four of Spades';
break;
case '16': echo 'Five of Hearts';
break;
case '17': echo 'Five of Clubs';
break;
case '18': echo 'Five of Diamonds';
break;
case '19': echo 'Five of Spades';
break;
case '20': echo 'Six of Hearts';
break;
case '21': echo 'Six of Clubs';
break;
case '22': echo 'Six of Diamonds';
break;
case '23': echo 'Six of Spades';
break;
case '24': echo 'Seven of Hearts';
break;
case '25': echo 'Seven of Clubs';
break;
case '26': echo 'Seven of Diamonds';
break;
case '27': echo 'Seven of Spades';
break;
case '28': echo 'Eight of Hearts';
break;
case '29': echo 'Eight of Clubs';
break;
case '30': echo 'Eight of Diamonds';
break;
case '31': echo 'Eight of Spades';
break;
case '32': echo 'Nine of Hearts';
break;
case '33': echo 'Nine of Clubs';
break;
case '34': echo 'Nine of Diamonds';
break;
case '35': echo 'Nine of Spades';
break;
case '36': echo 'Ten of Hearts';
break;
case '37': echo 'Ten of Clubs';
break;
case '38': echo 'Ten of Diamonds';
break;
case '39': echo 'Ten of Spades';
break;
case '40': echo 'Jack of Hearts';
break;
case '41': echo 'Jack of Clubs';
break;
case '42': echo 'Jack of Diamonds';
break;
case '43': echo 'Jack of Spades';
break;
case '44': echo 'Queen of Hearts';
break;
case '45': echo 'Queen of Clubs';
break;
case '46': echo 'Queen of Diamonds';
break;
case '47': echo 'Queen of Spades';
break;
case '48': echo 'King of Hearts';
break;
case '49': echo 'King of Clubs';
break;
case '50': echo 'King of Diamonds';
break;
case '51': echo 'King of Spades';
}
?>
<form><input type=button value="Draw Again" onClick="window.location.reload()"></form>
// End Matt's Deck - Random Card
You could use multidimensional associative arrays and fill the second layer with the 52 cards and then shuffle the deck array like this. I only did it this way so I could use the values to compare two blackjack hands as numbers and show who has the higher cards.
$deck = array(
$a = array(
'face' => 'Ace',
'value' => 11,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$b = array(
'face' => 'King',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$c = array(
'face' => 'Queen',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$d = array(
'face' => 'Jack',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$e = array(
'face' => 'Ten',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$f = array(
'face' => 'Nine',
'value' => 9,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$g = array(
'face' => 'Eight',
'value' => 8,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$h = array(
'face' => 'Seven',
'value' => 7,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$i = array(
'face' => 'Six',
'value' => 6,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$j = array(
'face' => 'Five',
'value' => 5,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$k = array(
'face' => 'Four',
'value' => 4,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$l = array(
'face' => 'Three',
'value' => 3,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$m = array(
'face' => 'Two',
'value' => 2,
'suit' => 'Spades'
),
$n = array(
'face' => 'Ace',
'value' => 11,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$o = array(
'face' => 'King',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$p = array(
'face' => 'Queen',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$q = array(
'face' => 'Jack',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$r = array(
'face' => 'Ten',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$s = array(
'face' => 'Nine',
'value' => 9,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$t = array(
'face' => 'Eight',
'value' => 8,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$u = array(
'face' => 'Seven',
'value' => 7,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$v = array(
'face' => 'Six',
'value' => 6,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$w = array(
'face' => 'Five',
'value' => 5,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$x = array(
'face' => 'Four',
'value' => 4,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$y = array(
'face' => 'Three',
'value' => 3,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$z = array(
'face' => 'Two',
'value' => 2,
'suit' => 'Clubs'
),
$aa = array(
'face' => 'Ace',
'value' => 11,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ab = array(
'face' => 'King',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ac = array(
'face' => 'Queen',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ad = array(
'face' => 'Jack',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ae = array(
'face' => 'Ten',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$af = array(
'face' => 'Nine',
'value' => 9,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ag = array(
'face' => 'Eight',
'value' => 8,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ah = array(
'face' => 'Seven',
'value' => 7,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ai = array(
'face' => 'Six',
'value' => 6,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$aj = array(
'face' => 'Five',
'value' => 5,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$ak = array(
'face' => 'Four',
'value' => 4,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$al = array(
'face' => 'Three',
'value' => 3,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$am = array(
'face' => 'Two',
'value' => 2,
'suit' => 'Diamonds'
),
$an = array(
'face' => 'Ace',
'value' => 11,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$ao = array(
'face' => 'King',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$ap = array(
'face' => 'Queen',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$aq = array(
'face' => 'Jack',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$ar = array(
'face' => 'Ten',
'value' => 10,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$as = array(
'face' => 'Nine',
'value' => 9,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$at = array(
'face' => 'Eight',
'value' => 8,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$au = array(
'face' => 'Seven',
'value' => 7,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$av = array(
'face' => 'Six',
'value' => 6,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$aw = array(
'face' => 'Five',
'value' => 5,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$ax = array(
'face' => 'Four',
'value' => 4,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$ay = array(
'face' => 'Three',
'value' => 3,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
$az = array(
'face' => 'Two',
'value' => 2,
'suit' => 'Hearts'
),
);
shuffle ($deck);
echo $deck[0]['face'] . ' of ' . $deck[0]['suit']</div>
<?php
$a = rand(0 ,3);
suits = array('diamonds', 'hearts', 'clubs', 'spades');
$suit = $suits[$a];
$b = rand(0 ,12);
$v = array('Ace', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9','10','Jack', 'Queen', 'King');
$value = $v[$b];
echo "You have selected the " . $value . " of " . $suit;
?>