检查页面后如何在实际的PHP文件中找到代码？

I bought a theme for WordPress, and I am trying to edit the characters on a wrapper. I easily find the code on the page when I "right click and inspect" but how to find them when going through the files on WordPress editor?

No, you can't get the codes in the Browser inspect element, because browser understands only the HTML. PHP codes are compiled into HTML by server and response to the browser for displaying a webpage.

I find HTML stuff on PHP code looking for identifiers around the place I want to pinpoint. CSS classes and IDs, images or icons, mainly unique names that will help narrow the research.

Then, on your favorite code editor, do a global search for this keyword/name.

Example: