开发服务器和Live Server无法找到代码差异

Recently I have taken over the maintenance of a commercial site. We develop it on a separate dev server and the live server is maintained by the customer. A couple days ago, I made a small change to one .php file to address some deprecated functionality (internal_encoding) as the version was upgraded to PHP 5.6 Everything worked well on the dev site and appeared to work well on the live site.

However, this morning, I discovered that some parts of the live site are not rendering properly. Since the dev is working as required, I have spent the last several hours trying to find the difference between the two. Now, the update I mention may just be a coincidence, and it is thoroughly possible that I am dealing with a separate issue.

If there is git installed and initialized on both servers, can I copy the code of the dev server to live easily? I am relatively new to Git, so a lot of terminology and advanced stuff is confusing to me. What is the best way to go about it?

P.S. I did the update to the live site using a folder mapped through SSHFS (simply edited the file in Aptana and it saved directly to the server). Could this have caused some unexpected file corruption?