将数据发布到php页面

        <html>
<head>


    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function()
        {
            $('button[type="submit"]').on('click',function(e)
            {
                e.preventDefault();
                var submit_value = $(this).val();
                jQuery.post
                (


                );
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <form method="post" action="php page" id="the-form">
       Name <input type="text" name="name" > <br/>
           Number <input type="text" name="number" > <br/>
        <button type="submit" name="Submit">submit</button>
          </form>

</body>
</html>

What should I write to jQuery.post to send the data from the form to a php page, I tried some posibilities but when I clicked submit the php page responded "No value". I don't have to change anything at the php page just in this script.

Your references are off

$('button[type="submit"]').on('click',function(e)

This will observe your submit button, not the form. So when you get to this

$(this).val();

It's looking at your submit button (which has no value), not your form data. Instead, you should grab the form and observe the submit event and then serialize the data

$("#the-form").on( "submit", function(e) {
    e.preventDefault();
    var data = $(this).serialize();
    jQuery.post('your/url.php', data, function(resp) {
        //Do something with the response here
    });
});