出现在cakePHP页面顶部的控制器/模型代码

I'm following the cakePHP "getting started" here:

http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/getting-started.html

One thing I got stuck on is that I created the model, controller, and view for Posts eg:

<docroot>/app/Controller/PostsController.php
<docroot>/app/Model/Post.php
<docroot>/app/View/Posts/index.ctp

exactly as outlined in the link above. The problem is that I was getting the error:

Error: PostsController could not be found.

And the Controller code was being printed at the top of the page.

I finally figured out that I had to add

<?php [code] ?>

around the code that the tutorial specified for the controller file. ie intstead of:

class PostsController extends AppController {
    public $helpers = array('Html', 'Form');

    public function index() {
        $this->set('posts', $this->Post->find('all'));
    }
}

I had:

<?php
class PostsController extends AppController {
    public $helpers = array('Html', 'Form');

    public function index() {
        $this->set('posts', $this->Post->find('all'));
    }
}
?>

Once I did that, it worked, kinda. Except then I was getting the model "code" printed at the top of the page. Surrounding that with the php escape (as in the controller above) resolved that issue, but I'm concerned that this is hinting that I've misconfigured something while setting up cake.

My question: is the tutorial wrong? Why would it not specify the use of the php escapes (or whatever you call those things) if they are needed to get this stuff working? Or, if they should not be needed, can anyone suggest a reason that in my case they are needed? Maybe I've mis-configured something before this step...

Thanks, I looked for a similar question on SO but was unable to locate one, but please feel free to direct me if this is a duplicate...

My question: is the tutorial wrong? Why would it not specify the use of the php escapes (or whatever you call those things) if they are needed to get this stuff working?

The tutorials expect a bare minimum of basic php knowledge. You might want to start here reading about the basic php tags. You won't get far with CakePHP if you don't know at least basic php, object oriented programming and an understanding of the OOP design pattern called MVC - model view controller.

In a php only file you definitly need the starting tag <?php but you do not want to close it. For the reasons check this answer:

Why would one omit the close tag?