How can one make one global database query (with PHP) and then use all the output (multiple rows) on various places on a webpage?

I read that javascripts can be called for each specific field on a webpage that needs data, but this is inefficient with regards to performance.

The webpage would contact a sort of table-of-contents with version numbers next to each of them. Those version numbers are stored inside the database and calling the database 20 times for the 20 different fields would be inefficient.

Any suggestions on how to run say a PHP query globally when the page loads and then later in the page use the different output at different locations on the page?

QUESTION UPDATE WITH EXAMPLE OF DESIRED OUTPUT:

The webpage should show the following output:

Document Name            Document Version

DEPT A DOCS:
Doc ABC                    1.2
- Description of doc
Doc another doc            2.3
- Description of doc

DEPT B DOCS:
Yet another doc            0.9
- Description of doc
Doc XYZ                    3.0
- Description of doc

Each of the documents have its own version associated with it. Each document has its own table inside the database with its associated version and this can be queried from a Postgres function or View. I wish to query this function or view only once and then display the results in a sort of 'table-of-contents' style (or table sort of view) on the webpage.

Thank you

P.S. This is my first post here.

Make the query in a separate PHP page that is included in all the pages you want to use the information on.

In the beginning of your page make one database query to get data for all versions.

Using PHP split it into associative array having version number as key.

Then during in different section of your page just apply to that array with version number. output the data the way you need. and it will be the data of this version