I try to use exec function in PHP to compile a source file with gcc with the following code.
<?php
exec("gcc -o hello hello.c 2>&1", $output, $return_value);
echo $output[0];
I got the following output when calling via web browser (I use nginx as a web server).
gcc: error trying to exec 'cc1': execvp: No such file or directory
However, if I run gcc -o hello hello.c on the command shell directly or call with php my_file.php on the shell directly, both ways compile successfully.
If I append the absolute path to gcc in my PHP code like this:
<?php
exec("/usr/bin/gcc -o hello hello.c 2>&1", $output, $return_value);
echo $output[0];
I got the following output.
collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld'
So, I think the problem is my webserver (nginx) doesn't know the system path environment variable to find /usr/bin which gcc and other gcc-dependencies resides in.
How can I let PHP exec function recognize system environment variables on nginx?
OS: Ubuntu 14.04
nginx: 1.6.2
PHP 5.5.9
I'm stuck on the same problem (exactly the same...) using nginx 1.10 and PHP 5.6 on Arch Linux. The same PHP code was working on Apache/Debian. When trying the Arch/Nginx server, I had the cc1 error... I replaced gcc by /usr/bin/gcc.... and I am now stuck on "collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld'"
The same compilation works with a shell... and ld is in /usr/bin. It just does not work when using "exec" in PHP.
By running gcc -v .....(just add -v to your compilation line) I could see :
...
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-D' 'exit=noexit' '-D' '_exit=noexit' ...
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/6.1.1/collect2 -plugin ... (<= very long line)
collect2: fatal error: cannot find 'ld'
Then I did :
cd /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/6.1.1/ # <- path to collect2 (see above)
ln -s /usr/bin/ld ld
Now ld prog is available in the same dir as collect2. And it works.
I am now looking for a better solution... :)
Set the PATH variable for PHP, as it may rely on its own environment variables and ignore the system's PATH variable.
For example, I have the following line at the bottom of my .env file:
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
With this, executing gcc (without giving the full path /usr/bin/gcc) works correctly.
Duplicate of How compile GCC from php. Thought I'd post the answer here as well, since this question received a lot more attention than the other one.