Java语言怎么用统计程序算法证明随机生成数的方差是服从正态分布的?具体的代码实现怎么设计,怎么证明分布?
回答:写了一个Demo,图示化该随机数方差情况:
package com;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;
/**
* @author bbyh
* @date 2023-09-03 00:17
* @description
*/
public class Test extends JFrame {
private static final Integer LENGTH = 1000;
private static final Integer TIMES = 1000;
private static final double[] NUM = new double[LENGTH];
private static final double[] VARIANCE = new double[TIMES];
private static int MIN_VARIANCE;
private static int LENGTH_OF_COUNT;
private static int[] COUNT;
private static final Integer FRAME_WIDTH = 1000;
private static final Integer FRAME_HEIGHT = 600;
private static final Integer PADDING = 100;
public Test() {
setTitle("测试随机数的方差正态分布情况");
setSize(FRAME_WIDTH, FRAME_HEIGHT);
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
initRandomArr();
add(new GraphicsPanel());
}
private void initRandomArr() {
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < LENGTH; j++) {
NUM[j] = random.nextDouble();
}
VARIANCE[i] = getVariance();
}
MIN_VARIANCE = getMinOfVariance();
LENGTH_OF_COUNT = getMaxOfVariance() - MIN_VARIANCE + 1;
COUNT = new int[LENGTH_OF_COUNT];
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES; i++) {
COUNT[(int) VARIANCE[i] - MIN_VARIANCE]++;
}
}
private int getMinOfVariance() {
int min = (int) VARIANCE[0];
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES; i++) {
if ((int) VARIANCE[i] < min) {
min = (int) VARIANCE[i];
}
}
return min;
}
private int getMaxOfVariance() {
int max = (int) VARIANCE[0];
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES; i++) {
if ((int) VARIANCE[i] > max) {
max = (int) VARIANCE[i];
}
}
return max;
}
private double getVariance() {
double sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) {
sum += NUM[i];
}
double average = sum / LENGTH;
double variance = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH; i++) {
variance += (NUM[i] - average) * (NUM[i] - average);
}
return variance;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test().setVisible(true);
}
static class GraphicsPanel extends JPanel {
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
g.setFont(new Font("Cambria", Font.BOLD, 16));
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH_OF_COUNT; i++) {
g.drawString((MIN_VARIANCE + i) + "~" + (MIN_VARIANCE + i + 1), PADDING / 2 + i * (FRAME_WIDTH - PADDING) / LENGTH_OF_COUNT, FRAME_HEIGHT - PADDING);
}
g.drawRect(20, PADDING, 30, FRAME_HEIGHT - 2 * PADDING - 30);
for (int i = 0; i < LENGTH_OF_COUNT; i++) {
int rectHeight = (int) (((double) COUNT[i] / TIMES) * (FRAME_HEIGHT - 2 * PADDING));
int x = PADDING / 2 + i * (FRAME_WIDTH - PADDING) / LENGTH_OF_COUNT + 10;
g.drawRect(x, FRAME_HEIGHT - PADDING - rectHeight - 30, 50, rectHeight);
}
}
}
}
【以下回答由 GPT 生成】
为了证明随机生成数的方差服从正态分布,可以按以下步骤操作:
下面是一个示例代码,包含以上步骤的实现:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
public class VarianceDistribution {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int numIterations = 1000; // 指定生成方差的次数
int sampleSize = 100; // 指定每次生成的样本数量
List<Double> variances = new ArrayList<>();
Random random = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < numIterations; i++) {
List<Double> samples = new ArrayList<>();
// 生成样本
for (int j = 0; j < sampleSize; j++) {
double value = random.nextDouble();
samples.add(value);
}
// 计算方差
double variance = calculateVariance(samples);
variances.add(variance);
}
// 统计和绘制方差的分布图
// 可以使用第三方绘图库(例如JFreeChart)来实现,这里省略绘图部分的代码
// 使用统计学方法验证方差的分布是否接近正态分布
// 可以使用相关的统计检验方法(例如卡方检验)来验证
}
// 计算方差
private static double calculateVariance(List<Double> data) {
double mean = calculateMean(data);
double sumSquaredDiff = 0;
for (Double value : data) {
double diff = value - mean;
sumSquaredDiff += diff * diff;
}
return sumSquaredDiff / data.size();
}
// 计算均值
private static double calculateMean(List<Double> data) {
double sum = 0;
for (Double value : data) {
sum += value;
}
return sum / data.size();
}
}
请注意,这个示例代码只是一个简单的实现示例。要进行严格的方差分布验证,可能需要使用更多的样本数据,以及更复杂的统计学方法。
【相关推荐】