#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<sstream>
using namespace std;
// 学生类
class Student {
public:
string id; // 学号
string name; // 姓名
string gender; // 性别
string major; // 专业
string status; // 学籍状态
string birthplace; // 籍贯
// 构造函数
Student(string id, string name, string gender, string major, string status, string birthplace) {
this->id = id;
this->name = name;
this->gender = gender;
this->major = major;
this->status = status;
this->birthplace = birthplace;
}
// 输出学生信息
void print() {
cout << "学号：" << id << "\t姓名：" << name << "\t性别：" << gender << "\t专业：" << major << "\t学籍状态：" << status << "\t籍贯：" << birthplace << endl;
}
};
// 成绩类
class Score {
public:
string id; // 学号
string course; // 课程名称
int score; // 成绩
// 构造函数
Score(string id, string course, int score) {
this->id = id;
this->course = course;
this->score = score;
}
// 输出成绩信息
void print() {
cout << "学号：" << id << "\t课程名称：" << course << "\t成绩：" << score << endl;
}
};
// 学籍管理系统类
class StudentManagementSystem {
private:
vector<Student> students; // 存储学生信息
vector<Score> scores; // 存储成绩信息
public:
// 构造函数
StudentManagementSystem() {
load(); // 加载数据
}
// 增加学生信息
void addStudent(string id,string name, string gender, string major, string status, string birthplace) {
Student student(id, name, gender, major, status, birthplace);
students.push_back(student);
cout << "添加成功！" << endl;
}
// 删除学生信息
void deleteStudent(string id) {
for (auto it = students.begin(); it != students.end(); it++) {
if (it->id == id) {
students.erase(it); // 删除找到的学生
cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
return;
}
}
cout << "学号为" << id << "的学生不存在！" << endl;
}
// 修改学生信息
void updateStudent(string id, string name, string gender, string major, string status, string birthplace) {
bool found = false;
for (auto& student : students) {
if (student.id == id) { // 找到对应学生
if (name != "") {
student.name = name;
}
if (gender != "") {
student.gender = gender;
}
if (major != "") {
student.major = major;
}
if (status != "") {
student.status = status;
}
if (birthplace != "") {
student.birthplace = birthplace;
}
cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
found = true;
break;
}
}
if (!found) {
cout << "学号为" << id << "的学生不存在！" << endl;
}
}
// 按姓名排序
void sortByName() {
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), [&](const Student& a, const Student& b) {return a.name < b.name; });
cout << "按姓名排序成功！" << endl;
}
// 按学号排序
void sortByID() {
sort(students.begin(), students.end(), [&](const Student& a, const Student& b) {return a.id < b.id; });
cout << "按学号排序成功！" << endl;
}
// 显示学生信息
void displayStudents() {
for (auto& student : students) {
student.print();
}
}
// 显示成绩信息
void displayScores() {
for (auto& score : scores) {
score.print();
}
}
// 查询学生基本情况
void showStudentInfo(string idOrNameOrMajor) {
bool found = false;
for (auto& student : students) {
if (student.id == idOrNameOrMajor || student.name == idOrNameOrMajor || student.major == idOrNameOrMajor) {
student.print();
found = true;
}
}
if (!found) {
cout << "未找到符合条件的学生！" << endl;
}
}
// 查询学生成绩信息
void showScoreInfo(string id) {
bool found = false;
for (auto& score : scores) {
if (score.id == id) {
score.print();
found = true;
}
}
if (!found) {
cout << "未找到学号为" << id << "的学生成绩信息！" << endl;
}
}
// 查询全部学生信息
void showAllStudentInfo(string major) {
bool found = false;
for (auto& student : students) {
if (major == "" || student.major == major) {
student.print();
found = true;
}
}
if (!found) {
cout << "未找到符合条件的学生！" << endl;
}
}
// 统计各专业的成绩
void totalScoreByMajor() {
map<string, int> scoreByMajor;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.status == "再读") {
for (const auto& score : scores) {
if (score.id == student.id) {
scoreByMajor[score.course]++; // 统计每个课程的成绩人数
}
}
}
}
cout << "各专业的课程平均成绩如下：" << endl;
for (const auto& it : scoreByMajor) {
cout << it.first << "：" << it.second << endl;
}
}
// 统计性别比例
void genderRatio() {
int maleCount = 0;
int femaleCount = 0;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.status == "再读") {
if (student.gender == "男") {
maleCount++;
}
else {
femaleCount++;
}
}
}
cout << "男性人数：" << maleCount << "\t女性人数：" << femaleCount << endl;
}
// 统计籍贯
void birthplaceRatio() {
map<string, int> birthplaceCount;
for (const auto& student : students) {
if (student.status == "再读") {
birthplaceCount[student.birthplace]++; // 统计籍贯人数
}
}
cout << "各籍贯人数如下：" << endl;
for (const auto& it : birthplaceCount) {
cout << it.first << "：" << it.second << endl;
}
}
// 保存数据
void save() {
ofstream studentOut("studentFile");
for (auto& student : students) {
studentOut << student.id << " " << student.name << " " << student.gender << " " << student.major << " " << student.status << " " << student.birthplace << endl;
}
studentOut.close();
ofstream scoreOut("scoreFile");
for (auto& score : scores) {
scoreOut << score.id << " " << score.course << " " << score.score << endl;
}
scoreOut.close();
}
// 加载数据
void load() {
ifstream studentIn("studentFile");
if (studentIn) {
string line;
while (getline(studentIn, line)) {
string id, name, gender, major, status, birthplace;
istringstream ss(line);
ss >> id >> name >> gender >> major >> status >> birthplace;
Student student(id, name, gender, major, status, birthplace);
students.push_back(student);
}
}
else {
cout << "文件" << "studentFile" << "不存在！" << endl;
}
studentIn.close();
ifstream scoreIn("scoreFile");
if (scoreIn) {
string line;
while (getline(scoreIn, line)) {
string id, course;
int score;
istringstream ss(line);
ss >> id >> course >> score;
Score scoreInfo(id, course, score);
scores.push_back(scoreInfo);
}
}
else {
cout << "文件" << "scoreFile" << "不存在！" << endl;
}
scoreIn.close();
}
// 析构函数
~StudentManagementSystem() {
save(); // 保存数据
}
};
// 主函数
int main() {
StudentManagementSystem sms;
int choice = 0;
while (true) {
cout << "========== 学籍管理系统 ==========" << endl;
cout << "\t1. 录入学生信息" << endl;
cout << "\t2. 显示学生信息" << endl;
cout << "\t3. 删除学生信息" << endl;
cout << "\t4. 修改学生信息" << endl;
cout << "\t5. 学生基本情况查询" << endl;
cout << "\t6. 学生成绩查询" << endl;
cout << "\t7. 全部学生信息查询" << endl;
cout << "\t8. 统计各专业的成绩，性别比例及籍贯" << endl;
cout << "\t9. 退出系统" << endl;
cout << "请输入操作序号（1-9）：" << endl;
cin >> choice;
switch (choice) {
case 1: {
string id,name, gender, major, status, birthplace;
cout << "请输入学生id：" << endl;
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入学生姓名：" << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入学生性别：" << endl;
cin >> gender;
cout << "请输入学生专业：" << endl;
cin >> major;
cout << "请输入学生学籍状态：" << endl;
cin >> status;
cout << "请输入学生籍贯：" << endl;
cin >> birthplace;
sms.addStudent(id,name, gender, major, status, birthplace);
break;
}
case 2: {
int subChoice = 0;
cout << "========== 显示学生信息 ==========" << endl;
cout << "\t1. 按姓名排序显示" << endl;
cout << "\t2. 按学号排序显示" << endl;
cout << "请输入操作序号（1-2）：" << endl;
cin >> subChoice;
if (subChoice == 1) {
sms.sortByName();
}
else if (subChoice == 2) {
sms.sortByID();
}
else {
cout << "无效操作序号！" << endl;
}
sms.displayStudents();
break;
}
case 3: {
string id;
cout << "请输入要删除的学生的学号：" << endl;
cin >> id;
sms.deleteStudent(id);
break;
}
case 4: {
string id, name, gender, major, status, birthplace;
cout << "请输入要修改的学生的学号：" << endl;
cin >> id;
cout << "请输入学生姓名：" << endl;
cin >> name;
cout << "请输入学生性别：" << endl;
cin >> gender;
cout << "请输入学生专业：" << endl;
cin >> major;
cout << "请输入学生学籍状态：" << endl;
cin >> status;
cout << "请输入学生籍贯：" << endl;
cin >> birthplace;
sms.updateStudent(id, name, gender, major, status, birthplace);
break;
}
case 5: {
string idOrNameOrMajor;
cout << "请输入学号、姓名或专业：" << endl;
cin >> idOrNameOrMajor;
sms.showStudentInfo(idOrNameOrMajor);
break;
}
case 6: {
string id;
cout << "请输入要查询的学生的学号：" << endl;
cin >> id;
sms.showScoreInfo(id);
break;
}
case 7: {
string major;
cout << "请输入专业名称（留空则查询全部专业）：" << endl;
cin >> major;
sms.showAllStudentInfo(major);
break;
}
case 8: {
sms.totalScoreByMajor();
sms.genderRatio();
sms.birthplaceRatio();
break;
}
case 9: {
sms.save();
cout << "感谢使用学籍管理系统，再见！" << endl;
return 0;
}
default: {
cout << "无效操作序号！" << endl;
break;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
这个系统运行成功之后使用成绩统计时可以输出但是输出结果不对。，帮帮忙帮我看一下哪的问题，代码可以直接运行，但是case8就是错的。
/**
* 返回指定元素在链表中第一个出现的位置
*
* @param element
* @return
*/
public int locate(E element){
Node<E> p = first.next;
for (int i = 0; i < size && p != null; i++, p = p.next){
if(p.element.equals(element)){
return i;
}
}
return -1;// 该元素在链表中不存在
}