证明:
python代码:
def independent_set(G, T):
def dfs(vertex, visited, chosen):
# base case: if we have chosen T vertices, return True
if len(chosen) == T:
return True
# explore the neighbors of the current vertex
for neighbor in G[vertex]:
# if neighbor is already chosen, skip
if neighbor in chosen:
continue
# if neighbor has already been visited, skip
if neighbor in visited:
continue
# add the neighbor to the chosen set
chosen.add(neighbor)
# mark the neighbor as visited
visited.add(neighbor)
# recursively explore the neighbors of the neighbor
if dfs(neighbor, visited, chosen):
return True
# if the recursive call returns False, remove the neighbor from the chosen set
chosen.remove(neighbor)
# if we have explored all neighbors of the current vertex and haven't found a solution, return False
return False
# iterate over all vertices in the graph
for vertex in G:
# start a depth-first search from the current vertex
visited = set([vertex])
chosen = set([vertex])
if dfs(vertex, visited, chosen):
# if we have found a solution, return True
return True
# if we have explored all vertices and haven't found a solution, return False
return False
其中,G是输入图的邻接表表示形式,T是独立集的大小阈值。该算法的时间复杂度为O(2^T * |V|),因此对于较大的T和|V|可能不太实用。
引入ChatGPT部分参考,加上自己的理解:
from itertools import combinations
def is_independent_set(graph, t):
vertices = graph.keys()
for n in range(t, len(vertices)+1):
for subset in combinations(vertices, n):
valid = True
for edge in graph.keys():
if edge[0] in subset and edge[1] in subset:
valid = False
break
if valid:
return True
return False