求指点:怎样用quartus II实现基于FPGA的小灯实验啊,就是如果流水灯循环一次后蜂鸣器鸣声1秒或者是几秒
打开Quartus II软件,创建一个新的工程,并选择您的FPGA型号。在新建的工程中添加一个新的VHDL文件,命名为led.vhd。
在led.vhd文件中定义一个计数器,用于控制流水灯的移动速度。例如,一个16位的计数器可以定义如下:
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
entity led is
port(
clk: in std_logic;
reset: in std_logic;
led: out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0)
);
end entity;
architecture rtl of led is
signal count: unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal shift: std_logic_vector(7 downto 0) := "10000000";
begin
process(clk, reset)
begin
if reset = '1' then
count <= (others => '0');
shift <= "10000000";
elsif rising_edge(clk) then
count <= count + 1;
if count = to_unsigned(50000, 16) then
shift <= shift(6 downto 0) & shift(7);
count <= (others => '0');
end if;
end if;
end process;
led <= shift;
end architecture;
在led.vhd文件中添加一个蜂鸣器控制器,用于控制蜂鸣器的鸣声。例如,一个简单的蜂鸣器控制器可以定义如下:
library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.numeric_std.all;
entity buzzer_controller is
port(
clk: in std_logic;
reset: in std_logic;
buzzer: out std_logic
);
end entity;
architecture rtl of buzzer_controller is
signal count: unsigned(23 downto 0);
begin
process(clk, reset)
begin
if reset = '1' then
count <= (others => '0');
buzzer <= '0';
elsif rising_edge(clk) then
count <= count + 1;
if count = to_unsigned(4000000, 24) then
buzzer <= '1';
else
buzzer <= '0';
end if;
if count = to_unsigned(8000000, 24) then
count <= (others => '0');
end if;
end if;
end process;
end architecture;
在Quartus II中添加一个新的约束文件,命名为led_pin_assignment.qsf,并将FPGA引脚与VHDL模块的端口相对应。例如,以下代码将FPGA引脚与VHDL模块的端口相对应:
set_location_assignment PIN_1 -to clk
set_location_assignment PIN_2 -to reset
set_location_assignment PIN_3 -to led[0]
set_location_assignment PIN_4 -to led[1]
set_location_assignment PIN_5 -to led[2]
set_location_assignment PIN_6 -to led[3]
set_location_assignment PIN_7 -to led[4]
set_location_assignment PIN_8 -to led[5]
set_location_assignment PIN_9 -to led[6]
set_location_assignment PIN_10 -to led[7]
set_location_assignment PIN_11 -to buzzer
在Quartus II中进行综合、布局和布线,并将生成的位流文件下载到FPGA中。
如果您想要在流水灯循环一次后蜂鸣器鸣声1秒或几秒钟,则需要修改VHDL代码中的蜂鸣器控制器。例如,以下代码将蜂鸣器鸣声延长到2秒钟:
if count = to_unsigned(8000000, 24) then -- 2 seconds
count <= (others => '0');
buzzer <= '0';
end if;
您可以根据需要修改代码中的时间常量和计数器位宽,以实现不同的鸣声和时间延迟。
From:肩匣与橘&GPT