关于#python#的问题:如何将把下列几个类中的神经网络提取出来为 model 并保存为h5文件

如何将把下列几个类中的神经网络提取出来为 model 并保存为h5文件,谢谢

class Encoder(tf.keras.Model) :
    def __init__(self, vocab_size, embedding_dim, enc_units, batch_sz) :
        super(Encoder, self).__init__()
        self.batch_sz = batch_sz

        self.enc_units = enc_units

        self.embedding = keras.layers.Embedding(vocab_size, embedding_dim)

        self.gru = keras.layers.GRU(self.enc_units, return_sequences=True, return_state=True, recurrent_initializer="glorot_uniform")

    @tf.function
    def call(self, x, hidden) :
        x = self.embedding(x)
        output, state = self.gru(x, initial_state=hidden)
        return output, state
    def initialize_hidden_state(self) :
        return tf.zeros((self.batch_sz, self.enc_units))


class BahdanauAttentionMechanism(tf.keras.layers.Layer) :

    def __init__(self, units) :
        super(BahdanauAttentionMechanism, self).__init__()

        self.W1 = layers.Dense(units)

        self.W2 = layers.Dense(units)

        self.V = layers.Dense(1)
    @tf.function
    def call(self, query, values) :
        hidden_with_time_axis = tf.expand_dims(query, 1)

        score = self.V(tf.nn.tanh(self.W1(values) + self.W2(hidden_with_time_axis)))

        attention_weights = tf.nn.softmax(score, axis=1)

        context_vector = attention_weights * values
        context_vector = tf.math.reduce_sum(context_vector, axis=1)

        return context_vector, attention_weights



class Decoder(tf.keras.Model) :
    def __init__(self, vocab_size, embedding_dim, dec_units, batch_sz) :
        super(Decoder, self).__init__()
        
        self.batch_sz = batch_sz

        self.dec_units = dec_units

        self.embedding = layers.Embedding(vocab_size, embedding_dim) 


        self.gru = layers.GRU(self.dec_units, return_sequences=True, return_state=True, recurrent_initializer="glorot_uniform")

        self.fc = layers.Dense(vocab_size)

        self.attention = BahdanauAttentionMechanism(self.dec_units)
    @tf.function
    def call(self, x, hidden, enc_output) :
        context_vector, attention_weights = self.attention(hidden, enc_output)
    
        x = self.embedding(x)
        x = tf.concat([tf.expand_dims(context_vector, 1), x], axis=-1)
        output, state = self.gru(x)

        output = tf.reshape(output, (-1, output.shape[2]))

        x = self.fc(output)
        return x, state, attention_weights
        

基于new Bing 和ChatGPT的编写:

import tensorflow as tf

# 实例化模型
encoder = Encoder(vocab_size, embedding_dim, enc_units, batch_sz)
decoder = Decoder(vocab_size, embedding_dim, dec_units, batch_sz)

# 加载模型参数
encoder.load_weights('encoder_weights.h5')
decoder.load_weights('decoder_weights.h5')

# 保存模型为h5文件
tf.keras.models.save_model(encoder, 'encoder_model.h5', save_format='h5')
tf.keras.models.save_model(decoder, 'decoder_model.h5', save_format='h5')


其中,encoder_weights.h5和decoder_weights.h5为已经训练好的模型参数文件,encoder_model.h5和decoder_model.h5为保存的模型文件。在保存模型时,需要使用tf.keras.models.save_model方法,并指定保存的文件名和保存格式。保存后可以通过tf.keras.models.load_model方法加载模型文件。

以下答案由GPT-3.5大模型与博主波罗歌共同编写:
可以运用 TensorFlow 自带的保存和加载模型的API,在训练过程中进行保存,可以通过 model.save 将整个模型保存为一个 HDF5 文件,具体实现如下:

# 将 Encoder、BahdanauAttentionMechanism、Decoder 统一封装为一个 Model
class MyModel(tf.keras.Model):
  def __init__(self, encoder, decoder):
    super(MyModel, self).__init__()
    self.encoder = encoder
    self.decoder = decoder

  @tf.function
  def call(self, inputs, targets, enc_hidden):
    enc_output, enc_hidden = self.encoder(inputs, enc_hidden)
    dec_hidden = enc_hidden
    loss = 0
    for t in range(1, targets.shape[1]):
      dec_input = tf.expand_dims(targets[:, t], 1)
      predictions, dec_hidden, _ = self.decoder(dec_input, dec_hidden, enc_output)
      loss += loss_function(targets[:, t], predictions)
    return loss / int(targets.shape[1])

# 定义 Encoder、BahdanauAttentionMechanism、Decoder
encoder = Encoder(vocab_inp_size, embedding_dim, units, BATCH_SIZE)

decoder = Decoder(vocab_tar_size, embedding_dim, units, BATCH_SIZE)

# 初始化 optimizer 和 loss function
optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.Adam()
loss_function = tf.keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True, reduction='none')


checkpoint_dir = './training_checkpoints'
checkpoint_prefix = os.path.join(checkpoint_dir, "ckpt")
checkpoint = tf.train.Checkpoint(optimizer=optimizer,
                                 encoder=encoder,
                                 decoder=decoder)

# 定义训练函数
@tf.function
def train_step(inp, targ, enc_hidden):
  loss = 0
  with tf.GradientTape() as tape:
    enc_output, enc_hidden = encoder(inp, enc_hidden)
    dec_hidden = enc_hidden
    dec_input = tf.expand_dims([targ_lang.word_index['<start>']] * BATCH_SIZE, 1)
    for t in range(1, targ.shape[1]):
      predictions, dec_hidden, _ = decoder(dec_input, dec_hidden, enc_output)
      loss += loss_function(targ[:, t], predictions)
      dec_input = tf.expand_dims(targ[:, t], 1)
    batch_loss = (loss / int(targ.shape[1]))
    variables = encoder.trainable_variables + decoder.trainable_variables
    gradients = tape.gradient(loss, variables)
    optimizer.apply_gradients(zip(gradients, variables))
    return batch_loss

# 开始训练并保存模型
EPOCHS = 10
for epoch in range(EPOCHS):
  start = time.time()
  enc_hidden = encoder.initialize_hidden_state()
  total_loss = 0
  for (batch, (inp, targ)) in enumerate(dataset.take(steps_per_epoch)):
    batch_loss = train_step(inp, targ, enc_hidden)
    total_loss += batch_loss
    if batch % 100 == 0:
      print('Epoch {} Batch {} Loss {:.4f}'.format(epoch + 1,
                                                   batch,
                                                   batch_loss.numpy()))
  if (epoch + 1) % 2 == 0:
    checkpoint.save(file_prefix=checkpoint_prefix)

  print('Epoch {} Loss {:.4f}'.format(epoch + 1,
                                      total_loss / steps_per_epoch))
  print('Time taken for 1 epoch {} sec\n'.format(time.time() - start))

如果要加载已经训练好的模型,可以使用 tf.keras.models.load_model 函数进行加载,具体实现如下:

# 加载已经训练好的模型
new_model = tf.keras.models.load_model(filepath)

使用这样的方式可以直接将整个模型加载为一个 TensorFlow Graph,并直接开始使用之前训练好的参数。
如果我的回答解决了您的问题,请采纳!

以下内容引用CHATGPT:

可以通过创建模型对象,然后使用模型对象的save()方法将模型保存为h5文件。具体操作如下:

# 创建模型对象
encoder = Encoder(vocab_size, embedding_dim, enc_units, batch_size)
decoder = Decoder(vocab_size, embedding_dim, dec_units, batch_size)

# 加载权重
encoder.load_weights(encoder_weights_path)
decoder.load_weights(decoder_weights_path)

# 保存模型为h5文件
encoder.save(encoder_model_path)
decoder.save(decoder_model_path)

其中,encoder_weights_path和decoder_weights_path是之前保存的权重文件路径,encoder_model_path和decoder_model_path是要保存的模型文件路径。

不知道你这个问题是否已经解决, 如果还没有解决的话:

如果你已经解决了该问题, 非常希望你能够分享一下解决方案, 写成博客, 将相关链接放在评论区, 以帮助更多的人 ^-^

引用chatGPT作答,以下是将神经网络从给定的类中提取出来并保存为.h5文件的步骤:

首先,需要导入所需的库:

import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow import keras
from tensorflow.keras import layers

然后,我们可以定义一个函数来创建模型并保存为.h5文件:

def create_and_save_model():
    # Instantiate the encoder
    encoder = Encoder(vocab_size, embedding_dim, enc_units, batch_sz)

    # Instantiate the decoder
    decoder = Decoder(vocab_size, embedding_dim, dec_units, batch_sz)

    # Create input tensors
    encoder_input = tf.keras.Input(shape=(None,))
    decoder_input = tf.keras.Input(shape=(None,))

    # Initialize the encoder hidden state
    hidden = encoder.initialize_hidden_state()

    # Encode the input sequence
    enc_output, enc_hidden = encoder(encoder_input, hidden)

    # Pass the encoder output and decoder input to the decoder
    dec_output, dec_hidden, _ = decoder(decoder_input, enc_hidden, enc_output)

    # Define the model
    model = tf.keras.Model(inputs=[encoder_input, decoder_input], outputs=dec_output)

    # Save the model as a .h5 file
    model.save("model.h5")

在上面的函数中,我们首先实例化编码器和解码器。然后,我们使用Keras的Input函数创建输入张量,并使用编码器初始化隐藏状态。接下来,我们将输入序列编码为上下文向量和隐藏状态,并将其传递给解码器。最后,我们将输入和输出张量传递给tf.keras.Model以创建模型对象,并使用.save()方法将其保存为.h5文件。

请注意,在运行此代码之前,您需要设置以下变量:

vocab_size = 1000 # vocabulary size
embedding_dim = 256 # embedding dimension
enc_units = 1024 # encoder hidden units
dec_units = 1024 # decoder hidden units
batch_sz = 64 # batch size

最后,只需调用create_and_save_model()函数即可创建并保存模型。