学生贯籍信息记录簿设计

编制一个学生籍贯信息记录簿，每个学生信息包括：学号、姓名、籍贯。具体功能如下：
（1）创建学生信息并以磁盘文件保存；
（2）读取磁盘文件并显示输出所有学生的籍贯信息；
（3）按学号或姓名查询成绩；
（4）按籍贯查询并输出该籍贯的所有学生；
（5）能添加、删除和修改学生的籍贯信息（可选项）；

引用new bing作答：
以下是一个 Java 实现的学生籍贯信息记录簿，实现了上述功能：

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

class Student implements Serializable {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String address;

    public Student(int id, String name, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return "ID: " + id + "\tName: " + name + "\tAddress: " + address;
    }
}

public class StudentRecord {
    private static ArrayList<Student> students = new ArrayList<Student>();
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    private static void save() {
        try {
            FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("students.ser");
            ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(fileOut);
            out.writeObject(students);
            out.close();
            fileOut.close();
            System.out.println("Student records saved to file students.ser");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void load() {
        try {
            FileInputStream fileIn = new FileInputStream("students.ser");
            ObjectInputStream in = new ObjectInputStream(fileIn);
            students = (ArrayList<Student>) in.readObject();
            in.close();
            fileIn.close();
            System.out.println("Student records loaded from file students.ser");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("No saved student records found");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void addStudent() {
        System.out.println("Enter student ID:");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Enter student name:");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("Enter student address:");
        String address = scanner.nextLine();
        students.add(new Student(id, name, address));
        save();
    }

    private static void deleteStudent() {
        System.out.println("Enter student ID:");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student.getId() == id) {
                students.remove(student);
                System.out.println("Student with ID " + id + " deleted");
                save();
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("No student with ID " + id + " found");
    }

    private static void modifyStudent() {
        System.out.println("Enter student ID:");
        int id = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student.getId() == id) {
                System.out.println("Enter new student address:");
                String address = scanner.nextLine();
                student.setAddress(address);
                System.out.println("Student with ID " + id + " modified");
                save();
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("No student with ID " + id + " found");
    }

    private static void displayAllStudents() {
        for (Student student : students) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
    }

    private static void displayStudentsByLocation() {
        System.out.println("Enter location:");
        String location = scanner.nextLine();
        boolean found = false;
        for (Student student : students) {
            if (student.getAddress().equalsIgnoreCase(location)) {
                System.out.println(student);
                found = true;
            }
        }
        if (!found) {
System.out.println("No students found in " + location);
}
}
private static void searchStudent() {
    System.out.println("Enter student ID or name:");
    String input = scanner.nextLine();
    boolean found = false;
    for (Student student : students) {
        if (student.getId() == Integer.parseInt(input) || student.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(input)) {
            System.out.println(student);
            found = true;
        }
    }
    if (!found) {
        System.out.println("No student found with ID or name " + input);
    }
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    load();
    while (true) {
        System.out.println("\nWhat would you like to do?");
        System.out.println("1. Add a student");
        System.out.println("2. Delete a student");
        System.out.println("3. Modify a student");
        System.out.println("4. Display all students");
        System.out.println("5. Display students by location");
        System.out.println("6. Search for a student");
        System.out.println("0. Exit");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        scanner.nextLine();
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addStudent();
                break;
            case 2:
                deleteStudent();
                break;
            case 3:
                modifyStudent();
                break;
            case 4:
                displayAllStudents();
                break;
            case 5:
                displayStudentsByLocation();
                break;
            case 6:
                searchStudent();
                break;
            case 0:
                System.exit(0);
            default:
                System.out.println("Invalid choice");
        }
    }
}
}

该程序使用了一个 Student 类来表示每个学生，包含学号、姓名和籍贯。使用 ArrayList 来存储所有学生的信息，并使用序列化将其保存到磁盘文件中。

在主方法中，使用一个 while 循环来处理用户的不同操作选择。用户可以选择添加、删除、修改学生信息，或者查询所有学生信息或者按照籍贯查询学生信息。还可以搜索学生信息，通过输入学号或姓名来查找相应的学生。

该程序实现了一个基本的学生籍贯信息记录簿，可以根据需要进行扩展和改进。

基于ChatGPT的回答：

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Stu implements Serializable{
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String hometown;

    public Stu(int id, String name, String hometown){
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.hometown = hometown;
    }

    public int getId(){
        return id;
    }

    public String getName(){
        return name;
    }

    public String getHometown(){
        return hometown;
    }

    public void setHometown(String hometown){
        this.hometown = hometown;
    }

    public String toString(){
        return id + "\t" + name + "\t" + hometown;
    }
}

class StudentRecord {
    private static final String FILENAME = "students.dat";
    private List<Stu> students;

    public StudentRecord(){
        students = new ArrayList<Stu>();
    }

    public void add(Stu s){
        students.add(s);
    }

    public void delete(int id){
        Iterator<Stu> iter = students.iterator();
        while(iter.hasNext()){
            Stu s = iter.next();
            if(s.getId() == id){
                iter.remove();
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    public void modify(int id, String hometown){
        for(Stu s : students){
            if(s.getId() == id){
                s.setHometown(hometown);
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    public void save(){
        try{
            ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(FILENAME));
            oos.writeObject(students);
            oos.close();
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void load(){
        try{
            ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream(FILENAME));
            students = (List<Stu>)ois.readObject();
            ois.close();
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }catch(ClassNotFoundException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void displayAll(){
        for(Stu s : students){
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }

    public void searchById(int id){
        boolean found = false;
        for(Stu s : students){
            if(s.getId() == id){
                System.out.println(s);
                found = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(!found){
            System.out.println("No student with id " + id + " found.");
        }
    }

    public void searchByName(String name){
        boolean found = false;
        for(Stu s : students){
            if(s.getName().equals(name)){
                System.out.println(s);
                found = true;
            }
        }
        if(!found){
            System.out.println("No student with name " + name + " found.");
        }
    }

    public void searchByHometown(String hometown){
        boolean found = false;
        for(Stu s : students){
            if(s.getHometown().equals(hometown)){
                System.out.println(s);
                found = true;
            }
        }
        if(!found){
            System.out.println("No student from " + hometown + " found.");
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        StudentRecord record = new StudentRecord();
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = 0;
        do{
            System.out.println("1. Add student");
            System.out.println("2. Delete student");
            System.out.println("3. Modify student");
            System.out.println("4. Display all students");
            System.out.println("5. Search student by id");
            System.out.println("6. Search student by name");
            System.out.println("7. Search student by hometown");
            System.out.println("8. Save to file");
            System.out.println("9. Load from file");
            System.out.println("0. Exit");
            System.out.print("Your choice: ");
            choice = scanner.nextInt();
            scanner.nextLine(); // consume newline
            switch(choice){
                case 1:
                    System.out.print("Enter student id: ");
                    int id = scanner.nextInt();
                    scanner.nextLine(); // consume newline
                    System.out.print("Enter student name: ");
                    String name = scanner.nextLine();
                    System.out.print("Enter student hometown: ");
                    String hometown = scanner.nextLine();
                    record.add(new Stu(id, name, hometown));
                    break;
                case 2:
                    System.out.print("Enter student id: ");
                    id = scanner.nextInt();
                    record.delete(id);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    System.out.print("Enter student id: ");
                    id = scanner.nextInt();
                    scanner.nextLine(); // consume newline
                    System.out.print("Enter new hometown: ");
                    hometown = scanner.nextLine();
                    record.modify(id, hometown);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    record.displayAll();
                    break;
                case 5:
                    System.out.print("Enter student id: ");
                    id = scanner.nextInt();
                    record.searchById(id);
                    break;
                case 6:
                    System.out.print("Enter student name: ");
                    name = scanner.nextLine();
                    record.searchByName(name);
                    break;
                case 7:
                    System.out.print("Enter hometown: ");
                    hometown = scanner.nextLine();
                    record.searchByHometown(hometown);
                    break;
                case 8:
                    record.save();
                    break;
                case 9:
                    record.load();
                    break;
                case 0:
                    System.out.println("Goodbye!");
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("Invalid choice.");
            }
        }while(choice != 0);
    }
}

以下内容部分参考ChatGPT模型：

首先，我们可以设计一个Student类来存储每个学生的信息，包括学号、姓名、籍贯等属性。然后，我们可以使用Java的IO流来实现将学生信息保存到文件中以及从文件中读取学生信息。

以下是一个示例代码，实现了学生信息的创建、保存、读取以及按学号或姓名查询的功能。

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Student {
    private String ID;
    private String name;
    private String hometown;

    public Student(String ID, String name, String hometown) {
        this.ID = ID;
        this.name = name;
        this.hometown = hometown;
    }

    public String getID() {
        return ID;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getHometown() {
        return hometown;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();

        // 创建学生信息并保存到文件
        System.out.println("请输入学生信息（学号 姓名 籍贯），输入exit结束：");
        while (true) {
            String input = sc.nextLine();
            if (input.equals("exit")) {
                break;
            }
            String[] info = input.split(" ");
            Student student = new Student(info[0], info[1], info[2]);
            students.add(student);
            saveToFile(student);
        }

        // 从文件中读取学生信息
        System.out.println("学生籍贯信息如下：");
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("students.txt"));
        String line;
        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
            String[] info = line.split(" ");
            Student student = new Student(info[0], info[1], info[2]);
            students.add(student);
            System.out.println(student.getHometown());
        }
        br.close();

        for (Student student : students) {
        // 按学号或姓名查询学生信息
            if (student.getID().equals(query) || student.getName().equals(query)) {
        System.out.println("请输入要查询的学号或姓名：");
        String query = sc.nextLine();
                System.out.println("学号：" + student.getID() + "，姓名：" + student.getName() + "，籍贯：" + student.getHometown());
            }
        }
    }

    private static void saveToFile(Student student) throws IOException {
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("students.txt", true));
        bw.write(student.getID() + " " + student.getName() + " " + student.getHometown());
        bw.newLine();
        bw.close();
    }
}

在上面的代码中，我们先定义了一个Student类来存储学生信息。然后在main方法中，我们使用Scanner来读取用户输入的学生信息，并将每个学生信息保存到文件中。保存到文件的方法使用了Java的IO流中的BufferedWriter和FileWriter。

接着，我们使用BufferedReader和FileReader从文件中读取学生信息，并将每个学生信息保存到一个List中。在输出学生籍贯信息时，我们只需要遍历List并调用每个学生的getHometown方法即可。

最后，我们使用Scanner来读取用户输入的查询条件（学号或姓名），并在List中查找符合条件的学生信息。如果找到了符合条件的学生信息，我们就将学生的学号、姓名、籍贯输出给用户。

如果我的建议对您有帮助、请点击采纳、祝您生活愉快

以下答案由GPT-3.5大模型与博主波罗歌共同编写：
设计思路：

首先，我们需要定义一个学生类，包括学号、姓名、籍贯等信息；其次，我们需要定义一个贯籍类，用于存储各个籍贯；然后我们需要创建一个贯籍信息记录簿类，该类包括添加、删除、修改、查询等操作，同时也包括从磁盘文件读取和保存到磁盘文件的功能。

代码实现：

import os
import json

class Student:
    def __init__(self, id, name, hometowm):
        self.id = id
        self.name = name
        self.hometown = hometown

class Hometown:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
        self.students = []

    def add_student(self, student):
        self.students.append(student)

    def remove_student(self, student):
        self.students.remove(student)

class RecordBook:
    def __init__(self):
        self.hometowns = []

    def add_student(self, student):
        hometown_exists = False
        for hometown in self.hometowns:
            if hometown.name == student.hometown:
                hometown_exists = True
                hometown.add_student(student)
                break
        if not hometown_exists:
            new_hometown = Hometown(student.hometown)
            new_hometown.add_student(student)
            self.hometowns.append(new_hometown)

    def remove_student(self, student):
        for hometown in self.hometowns:
            if hometown.name == student.hometown:
                hometown.remove_student(student)
                if len(hometown.students) == 0:
                    self.hometowns.remove(hometown)

    def modify_student(self, student, new_hometown):
        hometown_exists = False
        for hometown in self.hometowns:
            if hometown.name == student.hometown:
                hometown.remove_student(student)
                if len(hometown.students) == 0:
                    self.hometowns.remove(hometown)
            if hometown.name == new_hometown:
                hometown_exists = True
                hometown.add_student(student)
                break
        if not hometown_exists:
            new_hometown = Hometown(new_hometown)
            new_hometown.add_student(student)
            self.hometowns.append(new_hometown)

    def search_by_id(self, id):
        for hometown in self.hometowns:
            for student in hometown.students:
                if student.id == id:
                    return student
        return None

    def search_by_name(self, name):
        students = []
        for hometown in self.hometowns:
            for student in hometown.students:
                if student.name == name:
                    students.append(student)
        return students

    def search_by_hometown(self, hometown):
        for h in self.hometowns:
            if h.name == hometown:
                return h.students
        return []

    def save_to_file(self, file_path):
        dict = {}
        for hometown in self.hometowns:
            dict[hometown.name] = []
            for student in hometown.students:
                dict[hometown.name].append({"id": student.id, "name": student.name})
        with open(file_path, 'w') as f:
            json.dump(dict, f)

    def read_from_file(self, file_path):
        self.hometowns = []
        with open(file_path, 'r') as f:
            dict = json.load(f)
            for hometown_name in dict.keys():
                hometown = Hometown(hometown_name)
                students = dict[hometown_name]
                for student_dict in students:
                    student = Student(student_dict["id"], student_dict["name"], hometown_name)
                    hometown.add_student(student)
                self.hometowns.append(hometown)

#创建学生信息并以磁盘文件保存
def create_student_and_save_to_file(rb, file_path):
    id = input("请输入学号：")
    name = input("请输入姓名：")
    hometown = input("请输入籍贯：")
    student = Student(id, name, hometown)
    rb.add_student(student)
    rb.save_to_file(file_path)

#读取磁盘文件并显示输出所有学生的籍贯信息
def display_hometowns_from_file(rb, file_path):
    rb.read_from_file(file_path)
    print("所有学生籍贯信息如下：")
    for hometown in rb.hometowns:
        print("籍贯：{}，学生人数：{}".format(hometown.name, len(hometown.students)))

#按学号或姓名查询成绩
def search(rb):
    option = input("请输入查询选项（1.按学号查询；2.按姓名查询）：")
    if option == "1":
        id = input("请输入学号：")
        student = rb.search_by_id(id)
        if student:
            print("查询成功，该学生籍贯为：{}".format(student.hometown))
        else:
            print("查询失败，未找到该学生")
    elif option == "2":
        name = input("请输入姓名：")
        students = rb.search_by_name(name)
        if len(students) > 0:
            print("查询成功，共找到{}个学生，籍贯分别为：".format(len(students)))
            for student in students:
                print(student.hometown)
        else:
            print("查询失败，未找到该学生")
    else:
        print("输入有误，请重新输入")

#按籍贯查询并输出该籍贯的所有学生
def search_by_hometown(rb):
    hometown = input("请输入籍贯：")
    students = rb.search_by_hometown(hometown)
    if len(students) > 0:
        print("查询成功，共找到{}个学生，学号和姓名分别为：".format(len(students)))
        for student in students:
            print("{} {}".format(student.id, student.name))
    else:
        print("查询失败，未找到该籍贯的学生")

#能添加、删除和修改学生的籍贯信息
def modify(rb, file_path):
    id = input("请输入学号：")
    student = rb.search_by_id(id)
    if not student:
        print("修改失败，未找到该学生")
        return
    option = input("请输入修改选项（1.修改籍贯；2.删除学生）：")
    if option == "1":
        new_hometown = input("请输入修改后的籍贯：")
        rb.modify_student(student, new_hometown)
        rb.save_to_file(file_path)
        print("修改成功")
    elif option == "2":
        rb.remove_student(student)
        rb.save_to_file(file_path)
        print("删除成功")
    else:
        print("输入有误，请重新输入")

#测试
rb = RecordBook()
file_path = "./record_book.json"

while True:
    print("请选择操作：")
    print("1.创建学生信息并以磁盘文件保存")
    print("2.读取磁盘文件并显示输出所有学生的籍贯信息")
    print("3.按学号或姓名查询成绩")
    print("4.按籍贯查询并输出该籍贯的所有学生")
    print("5.能添加、删除和修改学生的籍贯信息")
    print("0.退出程序")
    option = input("请输入选项：")
    if option == "1":
        create_student_and_save_to_file(rb, file_path)
    elif option == "2":
        display_hometowns_from_file(rb, file_path)
    elif option == "3":
        search(rb)
    elif option == "4":
        search_by_hometown(rb)
    elif option == "5":
        modify(rb, file_path)
    elif option == "0":
        break
    else:
        print("输入有误，请重新输入")

以上为简单的学生贯籍信息记录簿的设计和实现，代码可以根据实际需求进行更改和完善。
如果我的回答解决了您的问题，请采纳！

自己动手做一做吧，有问题了再来问。

建议题主不要采纳那些问聊天机器人的

可以借鉴下

package student;
 
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.io.*;
 
public class jsb {
 
    public static void main(String args[]) {
 
        
        start();
    }
   static String []a=new String[100];
   
   static void show(){
     
    int o=0;
    for(String i:a)
    {
        
        if (i==null)
        {
            break;
        }
        if(i.equals("0000"))
        {
            continue;
        }
        System.out.print(i+" ");
        o++;
        if (o%3==0)
        {
            System.out.println();
        }
        
    }
   }
   static void inquire(){
         System.out.println("选择查询方式1：学号、2：姓名");
         Scanner sc =new Scanner(System.in);
         String xz = sc.next();
         if(xz.equals("1")){
         System.out.println("请输入查询的学号：");
          xz = sc.next();
          for(int i=0;i<a.length;i+=3){
             if(a[i].equals("0000")) {
                 continue;
             }
             if(a[i].equals(xz))
             {
                 System.out.println(a[i+2]);
                 break;
             }
         }
   }
         if(xz.equals("2")){
         System.out.println("请输入查询的姓名：");
          xz = sc.next();
         for(int i=1;i<a.length;i+=3){
             if(a[i].equals(xz))
             {
                 System.out.println(a[i+1]);
                 break;
             }
         }
         }
       }
      static void all(){  
             System.out.println("请输入查询的籍贯：");
             Scanner sc =new Scanner(System.in);
             String xz = sc.next();
             System.out.println("学生姓名为：");
             for(int i=2;i<a.length;i+=3){
                 if (a[i]==null)
                 {
                     System.out.println();
                     break;
                 }
                 if(a[i].equals(xz))
                 {
                     System.out.print(a[i-1]+" ");
                     
                 }
                 
             }
             
      }
   static void add(){
       System.out.println("请以空格隔开输入添加学生的信息(输入exit结束输入)：");
       Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
       String o;
       String[][] k=new String[10][10];
      
       for(int i=0;i<a.length;i++)
       {
           if(a[i]==null||a[i].equals("0000"))
           {
               o=sc.next();
               if (o.equals("exit"))
               {
                   System.out.println("添加成功！");
                   break;
               }
               k[0]=o.split(",");
               a[i]=k[0][0];
               a[i+1]=k[1][0];
               a[i+2]=k[2][0];
               
           }
           
       }
   }
    static void delete() {
         System.out.println("选择删除方式1：学号、2：姓名、3：籍贯");
         Scanner sc =new Scanner(System.in);
         String xz = sc.next();
         if(xz.equals("1")){
         System.out.println("请输入删除的学号：");
          xz = sc.next();
         for(int i=0;i<a.length;i+=3){
             if(a[i].equals(xz))
             {
                 a[i]="0000";
                 a[i+1]="0000";
                 a[i+2]="0000";
                 System.out.println("删除完成！");
                 break;
             }
         }
  }
         if(xz.equals("2")){
         System.out.println("请输入删除的姓名：");
          xz = sc.next();
         for(int i=1;i<a.length;i+=3){
             if (a[i]==null)
                 break;
             if(a[i].equals(xz))
             {
                a[i]="0000";
                a[i-1]="0000";
                a[i+1]="0000";
                System.out.println("删除完成！");
                
             }
         }
         }
         
         if(xz.equals("3")){
         System.out.println("请输入删除的籍贯：");
          sc =new Scanner(System.in);
          xz = sc.next();
         for(int i=2;i<a.length;i+=3){
             if (a[i]==null)
             {
                 System.out.println();
                 break;
             }
             if(a[i].equals(xz))
             {
                 a[i]="0000";
                 a[i-1]="0000";
                 a[i-2]="0000";
                 System.out.println("删除完成！");   
             }
         } 
         }
    }
    static void amend() {
        System.out.println("请输入修改的学号！");
        Scanner sc =new Scanner(System.in);
        String xz = sc.next();
          for(int i=0;i<a.length;i+=3){
             if(a[i]==null)
                 break;
             if(a[i].equals("0000")) {
                 continue;
             }
             if(a[i].equals(xz))
             {
                 System.out.println("请输入修改后的姓名!！");
                 xz=sc.next();
                 a[i+1]=xz;
                 System.out.println("请输入修改后的籍贯!！");
                 xz=sc.next();
                 a[i+2]=xz;
                 break;
             }
          }
    }
    static void start(){
          a[0]="2000";
          a[1]="请问";
          a[2]="河北";
          a[3]="2001";
          a[4]="温柔";
          a[5]="山东";
          a[6]="2002";
          a[7]="儿童";
          a[8]="广东";
          a[9]="2003";
          a[10]="任天野";
          a[11]="河北";
          a[12]="2004";
          a[13]="体育";
          a[14]="台湾";
        boolean xh = true;
        while(xh){
            System.out.println("**欢迎进入学生籍贯信息记录簿**");
            System.out.println("*1、显示学生信息  2、按学号或姓名查询其籍贯 3、按籍贯查询并输出该籍贯的所有学生 4、添加 5、删除 6、修改 7、退出程序 *");
            Scanner sc =new Scanner(System.in);
            int xz = sc.nextInt();
            switch(xz){
                
                case 1:  show();
                break;
        
                case 2:  inquire();
                break;
                
                case 3:  all();
                break;
                
                case 4:  add();
                break;
                
                case 5:  delete();
                break;
                
                case 6:  amend();
                break;
                
                case 7:
                System.exit(0);
            }
        }
        
        
    }
}