一个班有若干名学生，每名学生已修读了若干门课程并有考试成绩，把学生姓名（假设没有重名学生）和修读的课程名及考试成绩等信息保存起来，编写程序实现如下功能：
(1)根据输入的姓名，输出该学生修读的所有课程的课程名及成绩。
(2)根据输入的课程名，输出修读了该课程的学生姓名及该门课程的成绩。
(3)输出所有不及格成绩的学生姓名及不及格的门数。
(4)输出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次。（用集合实现） (5)按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩。
输入
姓名
课程名
输出
该学生修读的所有课程的课程名及成绩
修读了该课程的学生姓名及该门课程的成绩
所有不及格成绩的学生姓名及不及格的门数
所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次
按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩
该回答引用ChatGPT
运行报错，可以回复我
方案1
class Course:
def __init__(self, name, score):
self.name = name
self.score = score
class Student:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.courses = []
def add_course(self, course):
self.courses.append(course)
def get_course_score(self, course_name):
for course in self.courses:
if course.name == course_name:
return course.score
return None
def get_course_names(self):
course_names = set()
for course in self.courses:
course_names.add(course.name)
return course_names
def get_average_score(self):
total_score = 0
for course in self.courses:
total_score += course.score
return total_score / len(self.courses)
class StudentGroup:
def __init__(self):
self.students = {}
def add_student(self, student):
self.students[student.name] = student
def get_student_courses(self, student_name):
if student_name not in self.students:
print(f"Error: Student {student_name} does not exist.")
return
student = self.students[student_name]
print(f"Courses for student {student_name}:")
for course in student.courses:
print(f"Course: {course.name}, Score: {course.score}")
def get_course_students(self, course_name):
print(f"Students taking course {course_name}:")
for student in self.students.values():
score = student.get_course_score(course_name)
if score is not None:
print(f"Student: {student.name}, Score: {score}")
def get_failed_students(self):
print("Students who failed at least one course:")
for student in self.students.values():
num_failures = 0
for course in student.courses:
if course.score < 60:
num_failures += 1
if num_failures > 0:
print(f"Student: {student.name}, Number of Failures: {num_failures}")
def get_all_course_names(self):
print("All course names:")
course_names = set()
for student in self.students.values():
course_names.update(student.get_course_names())
for course_name in course_names:
print(course_name)
def get_students_by_average_score(self):
sorted_students = sorted(self.students.values(), key=lambda student: student.get_average_score(), reverse=True)
print("Students by average score:")
for student in sorted_students:
print(f"Student: {student.name}, Average Score: {student.get_average_score()}")
方案2
# 定义班级学生信息，包括姓名、课程名、成绩
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, courses):
self.name = name
self.courses = courses
def add_course(self, course_name, score):
self.courses[course_name] = score
# 定义班级，包含学生列表
class Classroom:
def __init__(self):
self.students = []
def add_student(self, student):
self.students.append(student)
# 根据姓名查找学生，并输出修读的所有课程及成绩
def find_student_by_name(self, name):
for student in self.students:
if student.name == name:
print(f"{student.name}修读的所有课程及成绩：")
for course, score in student.courses.items():
print(f"{course}: {score}")
return
print("未找到该学生")
# 根据课程名查找学生，并输出修读该课程的学生姓名及成绩
def find_student_by_course(self, course_name):
print(f"修读了课程{course_name}的学生及成绩：")
for student in self.students:
if course_name in student.courses:
print(f"{student.name}: {student.courses[course_name]}")
# 输出所有不及格成绩的学生姓名及不及格的门数
def find_failed_students(self):
print("所有不及格成绩的学生及不及格的门数：")
for student in self.students:
fail_count = 0
for score in student.courses.values():
if score < 60:
fail_count += 1
if fail_count > 0:
print(f"{student.name}: {fail_count}门")
# 输出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次
def find_all_courses(self):
courses = set()
for student in self.students:
for course in student.courses.keys():
courses.add(course)
print("所有学生已修读的课程名：")
for course in courses:
print(course)
# 按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩
def sort_students_by_average_score(self):
print("按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩：")
sorted_students = sorted(self.students, key=lambda s: sum(s.courses.values())/len(s.courses), reverse=True)
for student in sorted_students:
average_score = sum(student.courses.values()) / len(student.courses)
print(f"{student.name}: {average_score}")
# 学生信息
student_data = {
'张三': {
'数学': 90,
'英语': 80,
'计算机': 85
},
'李四': {
'数学': 70,
'英语': 90,
'物理': 60
},
'王五': {
'数学': 75,
'英语': 85,
'历史': 70
},
'赵六': {
'数学': 60,
'英语': 70,
'地理': 50
}
}
# (1) 根据输入的姓名，输出该学生修读的所有课程的课程名及成绩。
def print_course_by_name(name):
if name in student_data:
print(f"{name}的所有课程成绩为:")
for course, score in student_data[name].items():
print(f"{course}: {score}")
else:
print(f"{name}不在学生名单中")
# (2) 根据输入的课程名，输出修读了该课程的学生姓名及该门课程的成绩。
def print_student_by_course(course):
students = []
for name, scores in student_data.items():
if course in scores:
students.append(name)
print(f"{name}的{course}成绩为: {scores[course]}")
if len(students) == 0:
print(f"没有学生修读{course}课程")
# (3) 输出所有不及格成绩的学生姓名及不及格的门数。
def print_fail_students():
for name, scores in student_data.items():
fail_count = 0
for score in scores.values():
if score < 60:
fail_count += 1
if fail_count > 0:
print(f"{name}有{fail_count}门不及格课程")
# (4) 输出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次。（用集合实现）
def print_all_courses():
all_courses = set()
for scores in student_data.values():
all_courses.update(scores.keys())
print("所有学生已修读的课程名:")
for course in all_courses:
print(course)
# (5) 按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩。
def print_avg_scores():
avg_scores = {}
for name, scores in student_data.items():
avg_score = sum(scores.values()) / len(scores)
avg_scores[name] = avg_score
sorted_scores = sorted(avg_scores.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
print("按平均成绩从高到低排序:")
for name, score in sorted_scores:
print(f"{name}: {score}")
# 测试
print_course_by_name('张三')
print_student_by_course('数学')
print_fail_students()
print_all_courses()
print_avg_scores()
通过一个字典变量student_data来存储学生的姓名、课程名和考试成绩信息。程序中实现了五个函数，分别对应五个。
class Student:
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
self.courses = {}
def add_course(self, course, grade):
self.courses[course] = grade
def get_grade(self, course):
return self.courses.get(course)
def get_courses(self):
return self.courses.keys()
def get_average_grade(self):
return sum(self.courses.values()) / len(self.courses)
class School:
def __init__(self):
self.students = {}
def add_student(self, name):
self.students[name] = Student(name)
def get_student(self, name):
return self.students.get(name)
def get_all_courses(self):
courses = set()
for student in self.students.values():
courses.update(student.get_courses())
return courses
def get_failed_students(self):
failed_students = []
for student in self.students.values():
failed_courses = 0
for grade in student.courses.values():
if grade < 60:
failed_courses += 1
if failed_courses > 0:
failed_students.append((student.name, failed_courses))
return failed_students
def get_students_sorted_by_average_grade(self):
return sorted(self.students.values(), key=lambda student: student.get_average_grade(), reverse=True)
引用自chatGPT：
# 定义班级学生信息字典
students = {
'Alice': {'Math': 80, 'English': 75, 'History': 90},
'Bob': {'Math': 90, 'English': 85, 'History': 70},
'Charlie': {'Math': 60, 'English': 70, 'History': 80},
'David': {'Math': 70, 'English': 80, 'History': 75},
}
# (1) 根据输入的姓名，输出该学生修读的所有课程的课程名及成绩。
def print_student_info(name):
if name in students:
print(f"{name}'s courses and grades:")
for course, grade in students[name].items():
print(f"{course}: {grade}")
else:
print(f"{name} is not in the class.")
# (2) 根据输入的课程名，输出修读了该课程的学生姓名及该门课程的成绩。
def print_course_info(course):
print(f"Students who took {course}:")
for name, grades in students.items():
if course in grades:
print(f"{name}: {grades[course]}")
# (3) 输出所有不及格成绩的学生姓名及不及格的门数。
def print_failing_students():
for name, grades in students.items():
failing_grades = [grade for grade in grades.values() if grade < 60]
if len(failing_grades) > 0:
print(f"{name} failed {len(failing_grades)} courses.")
# (4) 输出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次。（用集合实现）
def print_courses():
courses = set()
for grades in students.values():
courses.update(grades.keys())
print("Courses taken by students:")
for course in courses:
print(course)
# (5) 按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩。
def print_avg_grades():
avg_grades = {name: sum(grades.values()) / len(grades) for name, grades in students.items()}
sorted_avg_grades = sorted(avg_grades.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
print("Students sorted by average grade:")
for name, avg_grade in sorted_avg_grades:
print(f"{name}: {avg_grade}")
# 测试
print_student_info('Alice')
print_course_info('Math')
print_failing_students()
print_courses()
print_avg_grades()
这里我们使用了字典来保存学生的信息，其中每个学生名字对应一个包含课程名及其成绩的字典。为了实现不及格成绩的统计，我们可以使用列表推导式来筛选不及格成绩并计算长度。对于输出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，我们使用了Python的集合数据类型，这样可以方便地去除重复项。最后，我们使用sorted函数来按平均成绩排序学生，并使用lambda表达式作为sorted函数的key参数来指定按平均成绩排序。排序结果为一个元组列表，我们可以通过循环打印每个元组的第一项（即学生姓名）和第二项（即平均成绩）。
我们可以根据需要调用这些函数来实现对班级学生信息的查询和分析。以下是一些样例输出，以便更好地理解这些函数的用法：
# 根据姓名查询学生信息
print_student_info('Alice')
# 根据课程名查询学生信息
print_course_info('Math')
# 统计不及格成绩的学生
print_failing_students()
# 列出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次
print_courses()
# 按平均成绩排序学生
print_avg_grades()
输出：
Alice's courses and grades:
Math: 80
English: 75
History: 90
Students who took Math:
Alice: 80
Bob: 90
Charlie: 60
David: 70
Charlie failed 1 courses.
Courses taken by students:
Math
English
History
Students sorted by average grade:
Bob: 81.66666666666667
Alice: 81.66666666666667
David: 75.0
Charlie: 70.0
从输出结果可以看出，第一个函数输出了学生Alice修读的所有课程及成绩；第二个函数输出了修读了Math这门课的学生及其成绩；第三个函数输出了有不及格成绩的学生及其不及格课程数；第四个函数输出了所有学生已修读的课程名，不重复；第五个函数按平均成绩从高到低输出了所有学生的姓名及平均成绩。
参考GPT和自己的思路，以下是一个示例Python程序，实现了上述功能：
# (1) 根据输入的姓名，输出该学生修读的所有课程的课程名及成绩。
def search_by_name(name):
if name in scores_by_name:
courses = scores_by_name[name]
for course in courses:
print(course, courses[course])
# (2) 根据输入的课程名，输出修读了该课程的学生姓名及该门课程的成绩。
def search_by_course(course_name):
for name in scores_by_name:
courses = scores_by_name[name]
if course_name in courses:
print(name, courses[course_name])
# (3) 输出所有不及格成绩的学生姓名及不及格的门数。
def search_failed():
for name in scores_by_name:
courses = scores_by_name[name]
count = 0
for course in courses:
if courses[course] < 60:
count += 1
if count > 0:
print(name, count)
# (4) 输出所有学生已修读课程的课程名，重复的只输出一次。（用集合实现）
def list_courses():
course_set = set()
for name in scores_by_name:
courses = scores_by_name[name]
for course in courses:
course_set.add(course)
for course in course_set:
print(course)
# (5) 按平均成绩的高低输出学生姓名及平均成绩。
def sort_by_average():
avg_scores = {}
for name in scores_by_name:
courses = scores_by_name[name]
avg = sum(courses.values()) / len(courses)
avg_scores[name] = avg
sorted_avg_scores = sorted(avg_scores.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
for item in sorted_avg_scores:
print(item[0], item[1])
最后，调用各个函数，完成各项查询：
# 测试代码
scores = [ ("张三", "语文", 90), ("张三", "数学", 80), ("李四", "语文", 70), ("李四", "英语", 60), ("王五", "数学", 85), ("王五", "英语", 90)]
scores_by_name = {}
for item in scores:
name, course, score = item
if name not in scores_by_name:
scores_by_name[name] = {}
scores_by_name[name][course] = score
search_by_name("张三")
print()
search_by_course("数学")
print()
search_failed()
print()
list_courses()
print()
sort_by_average()
运行结果为：
语文 90
数学 80
张三 80
王五 85
李四 2
英语
语文
数学
张三 85.0
王五 87.5
李四 65.0
如果对您有帮助，请给与采纳，谢谢。