找不到环境变量：运行phpunit时出现“DATABASE_URL”[重复]

I have implemented a simple test to check whether a page is displayed in my application:

namespace App\Tests\Controller;

use Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle\Test\WebTestCase;

class MyControllerTest extends WebTestCase
{
    public function testMyAction()
    {
        $client = static::createClient();
        $client->request('GET', '/');
        $this->assertEquals(200, $client->getResponse()->getStatusCode());
    }
}

When I run php vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit, I get the following error message:

1) App\Tests\Controller\MyControllerTest::testMyAction
Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Exception\EnvNotFoundException:
Environment variable not found: "DATABASE_URL".

Yet, this variable is available in .env. How can I solve this?

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I found the solution, it must be defined in phpunit.xml.dist, in the <php> section.