定义一个复数类Complex,复数的实部Real与虚部Image定义为私有数据成员。用复数类定义复数对象c1、c2、c3。友元函数add,sub,mul,div分别用于复数的加、减、乘、除法运算,用公有成员函数Dispaly()显示复数运算结果。在主函数中,实例化两个复数,并输入一个运算符,按照运算符选择相应的友远函数进行复数运算,然后输出结果。
这个问题唯一的难题就是运算法则
(a + bi) + (c + di) = (a + c) + (b + d)i
(a + bi) - (c + di) = (a - c) + (b- d)i
(a + bi) * (c + di) = (a*c - b*d) + (b*c + a*d)i
(a + bi) / (c + di) = ((a*c + b*d) / (c*c + d*d)) + ((b*c - a*d) / (c*c + d*d))i
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex(){Real = 0.0; Image = 0.0;} // 默认构造函数
Complex(double x, double y) : Real(x), Image(y) {} // 拷贝构造函数
~Complex(){}
friend Complex Add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
friend Complex Sub(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
friend Complex Mul(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
friend Complex Div(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2);
void display();
private:
double Real;
double Image;
};
Complex Add(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
{
Complex m;
m.Real = c1.Real + c2.Real;
m.Image = c1.Image + c2.Image;
return m;
}
Complex Sub(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
{
Complex m;
m.Real = c1.Real - c2.Real;
m.Image = c1.Image - c2.Image;
return m;
}
Complex Mul(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
{
Complex m;
m.Real = c1.Real * c2.Real - c1.Image * c2.Image;
m.Image = c1.Real * c2.Image + c1.Image * c2.Real;
return m;
}
Complex Div(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2)
{
Complex m;
m.Real = (c1.Real * c2.Real + c1.Image * c2.Image) / (c2.Real * c2.Real + c2.Image * c2.Image);
m.Image = (c1.Image * c2.Real - c1.Real * c2.Image) / (c2.Real * c2.Real + c2.Image * c2.Image);
return m;
}
void Complex::display()
{
cout << Real << " + " << Image << "i" << endl;
}
int main()
{
Complex c1(6, 8);
Complex c2(2, 4);
Complex c3;
char c = 'a';
while (c != 'c')
{
cout << "Please input [+ - * /]: ";
cin >> c;
if (c == '+')
{
c3 = Add(c1, c2);
c3.display();
}
else if (c == '-')
{
c3 = Sub(c1, c2);
c3.display();
}
else if (c == '*')
{
c3 = Mul(c1, c2);
c3.display();
}
else if (c == '/')
{
c3 = Div(c1, c2);
c3.display();
}
else
{
cout << "Error character, pleae input again." << endl;
}
}
return 0;
}