C＃编程 操作题编写商品类

编写一个商品类，包括货号，商品名称，单价，库存，商品类别等字段，且要封装属性。编写带参的构造函数和空构造函数。编写一个SHOW（）方法显示类的所有属性。编写一个饮料类，继承于商品类，饮料类中多出一个容量属性。继承要求构造函数赋值。主函数中，创立一个长度为10的商品类数组。并创建3个以上的对象填充数组。通过循环调用数组每一个对象的show方法显示商品信息。用户输入商品的货号，查找是否存在该商品，存在则再让用户输入购买数量，并将该商品的库存量减去购买数量，同时显示付款总数，注意库存量不可为负数。如果查不到商品货号也提示输入有误。

using System;

class Commodity
{
    private string id;          // 货号
    private string name;        // 商品名称
    private double price;       // 单价
    private int stock;          // 库存
    private string category;    // 商品类别

    // 属性的封装
    public string Id
    {
        get { return id; }
        set { id = value; }
    }
    public string Name
    {
        get { return name; }
        set { name = value; }
    }
    public double Price
    {
        get { return price; }
        set { price = value; }
    }
    public int Stock
    {
        get { return stock; }
        set { stock = value; }
    }
    public string Category
    {
        get { return category; }
        set { category = value; }
    }

    // 带参构造函数
    public Commodity(string id, string name, double price, int stock, string category)
    {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.stock = stock;
        this.category = category;
    }

    // 空构造函数
    public Commodity()
    {
        this.id = "";
        this.name = "";
        this.price = 0;
        this.stock = 0;
        this.category = "";
    }

    // 显示所有属性
    public void Show()
    {
        Console.WriteLine("货号：" + id);
        Console.WriteLine("商品名称：" + name);
        Console.WriteLine("单价：" + price);
        Console.WriteLine("库存：" + stock);
        Console.WriteLine("商品类别：" + category);
    }
}

class Beverage : Commodity
{
    private double capacity;    // 容量

    // 容量属性的封装
    public double Capacity
    {
        get { return capacity; }
        set { capacity = value; }
    }

    // 带参构造函数
    public Beverage(string id, string name, double price, int stock, string category, double capacity)
        : base(id, name, price, stock, category)
    {
        this.capacity = capacity;
    }

    // 空构造函数
    public Beverage() : base()
    {
        this.capacity = 0;
    }

    // 重写显示方法
    public new void Show()
    {
        base.Show();
        Console.WriteLine("容量：" + capacity);
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Commodity[] commodities = new Commodity[10];

        // 创建对象并填充数组
        commodities[0] = new Commodity("001", "手机", 999.9, 100, "电子产品");
        commodities[1] = new Commodity("002", "电视", 2999.9, 50, "电子产品");
        commodities[2] = new Beverage("003", "可乐", 3.5, 200, "饮料", 500);
        commodities[3] = new Beverage("004", "矿泉水", 2.0, 500, "饮料", 550);
        // ...

        // 循环调用显示方法
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.Length; i++)
        {
            if (commodities[i] != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("第" + (i + 1) + "个商品信息：");
                commodities[i].Show();
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
        }

        // 查找商品并购买
        Console.Write("请输入要购买的商品货号：");
        string id = Console.ReadLine();
        bool found = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < commodities.Length; i++)
        {
            if (commodities[i] != null && commodities[i].Id == id)
            {
                found = true;
                Console.Write("请输入购买数量：");
                int quantity = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
                if (quantity <= commodities[i].Stock)
                {
                    commodities[i].Stock -= quantity;
                    Console.WriteLine("购买成功，付款总额为：" + quantity * commodities[i].Price);
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("库存不足！");
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!found)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("输入有误，未找到该商品！");
        }

        Console.ReadKey();
    }
}