pycharm调用模块时报错是怎么回事

pycharm里调用requests报错

这是代码

import urllib.request
wa = urllib.request.urlopen('https://www.bilibili.com/')
qw = wa.read()
print(qw)

这是结果

D:\python.exe C:/Users/孤/untitled/dsd.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\孤\untitled\dsd.py", line 9, in <module>
    wa = urllib.request.urlopen('https://www.bilibili.com/')
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 214, in urlopen
    return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 523, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 632, in http_response
    response = self.parent.error(
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 555, in error
    result = self._call_chain(*args)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 494, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 747, in http_error_302
    return self.parent.open(new, timeout=req.timeout)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 523, in open
    response = meth(req, response)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 632, in http_response
    response = self.parent.error(
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 561, in error
    return self._call_chain(*args)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 494, in _call_chain
    result = func(*args)
  File "D:\lib\urllib\request.py", line 641, in http_error_default
    raise HTTPError(req.full_url, code, msg, hdrs, fp)
urllib.error.HTTPError: HTTP Error 403: Forbidden

Process finished with exit code 1
 

需要添加请求头headers，才能获取页面内容。用下面代码可以实现：

import urllib.request

headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/90.0.4430.93 Safari/537.36 Edg/90.0.818.51'}
url = "https://www.bilibili.com/"
req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers)
content = urllib.request.urlopen(req)
print(content.read().decode())

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