//实体类1
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_user")
//@Data
//@ToString(exclude = {"role"})
public class TUser {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String email;
private Integer sex;//性别,0.1.2(男,女,未知)
private Date last_login;
private Date create_time;//创建时间
private Date update_time;//修改时间
private String phone;//电话
private String photo;//图片地址
private Integer status;//状态,0正常，1禁止
@ManyToOne(cascade=CascadeType.PERSIST)//cascade=CascadeType.PERSIST(开启级联操作)
@JoinColumn(name="roles_id")
private TRole role;
}
//实体类2
@Entity
@Table(name = "t_role")
//@Data
public class TRole {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name="id")
private Integer id;
private String memo;
private String r_name;
private Date ctime;
private Date update_time;
@OneToMany(mappedBy="role")
private Set<TUser> set = new HashSet<>();
}
//dao层
public interface TUserDao extends JpaRepository<TUser, Integer>{
}
//测试代码
@Autowired
private TUserDao tuserDao;
//添加
@Test
public void add() {
TRole role = new TRole();
role.setCtime(new Date());
role.setMemo("注解");
role.setR_name("管理员");
role.setUpdate_time(new Date());
TUser tUser = new TUser();
tUser.setCreate_time(new Date());
tUser.setEmail("1655@qa.com");
tUser.setLast_login(new Date());
tUser.setPassword("123456");
tUser.setPhone("www");
tUser.setPhoto("www.as");
tUser.setSex(0);
tUser.setStatus(0);
tUser.setUpdate_time(new Date());
tUser.setUsername("nichen");
role.getSet().add(tUser);
tUser.setRole(role);
tuserDao.save(tUser);
}
//查询
@Test
public void findAll() {
List<TUser> findAll = tuserDao.findAll();
for (TUser tUser : findAll) {
System.out.println("tUser:"+tUser);
}
System.out.println("size:"+findAll.size());
}
这代码插入是可以的，查询就会有问题。
测试中的查询的错误:org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.set, could not initialize proxy - no Session
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:582)
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.withTemporarySessionIfNeeded(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:201)
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:561)
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.read(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:132)
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:299)
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131)
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99)
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131)
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166)
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994)
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131)
at com.simulation.admin.SimulationApplicationTests.findAll(SimulationApplicationTests.java:60)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.java:73)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:538)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:760)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:460)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:206)
如果是用服务的接口访问的错误:java.lang.StackOverflowError: null
at java.lang.AbstractStringBuilder.append(AbstractStringBuilder.java:449) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:136) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.sql.Timestamp.toString(Timestamp.java:302) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:165) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.util.AbstractCollection.toString(AbstractCollection.java:462) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.toString(PersistentSet.java:300) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TRole.toString(TRole.java:99) ~[classes/:na]
at java.lang.String.valueOf(String.java:2994) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at java.lang.StringBuilder.append(StringBuilder.java:131) ~[na:1.8.0_144]
at com.simulation.admin.model.TUser.toString(TUser.java:166) ~[classes/:na]
一、@OneToOne关系映射
JPA使用@OneToOne来标注一对一的关系。
实体 People ：用户。
实体 Address：家庭住址。
People 和 Address 是一对一的关系。
这里用两种方式描述JPA的一对一关系。
一种是通过外键的方式(一个实体通过外键关联到另一个实体的主键)；
另外一种是通过一张关联表来保存两个实体一对一的关系。
1、通过外键的方式
people 表（id，name，sex，birthday，address_id）
address 表（id，phone，zipcode，address）
People.java@Entity
public class People {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
private Long id;//id
@Column(name = "name", nullable = true, length = 20)
private String name;//姓名
@Column(name = "sex", nullable = true, length = 1)
private String sex;//性别
@Column(name = "birthday", nullable = true)
private Timestamp birthday;//出生日期
@OneToOne(cascade=CascadeType.ALL)//People是关系的维护端，当删除 people，会级联删除 address
@JoinColumn(name = "address_id", referencedColumnName = "id")//people中的address_id字段参考address表中的id字段
private Address address;//地址
关联的实体的主键一般是用来做外键的。但如果此时不想主键作为外键，则需要设置referencedColumnName属性。当然这里关联实体(Address)的主键 id 是用来做主键，所以这里第20行的 referencedColumnName = "id" 实际可以省略。
Address.java
@Entity
public class Address {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
private Long id;//id
@Column(name = "phone", nullable = true, length = 11)
private String phone;//手机
@Column(name = "zipcode", nullable = true, length = 6)
private String zipcode;//邮政编码
@Column(name = "address", nullable = true, length = 100)
private String address;//地址
//如果不需要根据Address级联查询People，可以注释掉
// @OneToOne(mappedBy = "address", cascade = {CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.REFRESH}, optional = false)
// private People people;
}