如何检查对象(变量)是否定义在 r？

I'd like to check if some variable is defined in R - without getting an error. How can I do this?

My attempts (not successful):

> is.na(ooxx)
Error: object 'ooxx' not found
> is.finite(ooxx)
Error: object 'ooxx' not found

Thanks!

You want exists():

R> exists("somethingUnknown")
[1] FALSE
R> somethingUnknown <- 42
R> exists("somethingUnknown")
[1] TRUE
R> 

See ?exists, for some definition of "...is defined". E.g.

> exists("foo")
[1] FALSE
> foo <- 1:10
> exists("foo")
[1] TRUE

if you are inside a function, missing() is what you want.

exchequer = function(x) {
    if(missing(x)){
        message("x is missing… :-(")
    }
}

exchequer()
x is missing… :-(

As others have pointed out, you're looking for exists. Keep in mind that using exists with names used by R's base packages would return true regardless of whether you defined the variable:

> exists("data")
[1] TRUE

To get around this (as pointed out by Bazz; see ?exists), use the inherits argument:

> exists("data", inherits = FALSE)
[1] FALSE

foo <- TRUE
> exists("foo", inherits = FALSE)
[1] TRUE

Of course, if you wanted to search the name spaces of attached packages, this would also fall short:

> exists("data.table")
[1] FALSE
require(data.table)
> exists("data.table", inherits = FALSE)
[1] FALSE
> exists("data.table")
[1] TRUE

The only thing I can think of to get around this -- to search in attached packages but not in base packages -- is the following:

any(sapply(1:(which(search() == "tools:rstudio") - 1L),
           function(pp) exists(_object_name_, where = pp, inherits = FALSE)))

Compare replacing _object_name_ with "data.table" (TRUE) vs. "var" (FALSE)

(of course, if you're not on RStudio, I think the first automatically attached environment is "package:stats")

If you don't want to use quotes, you can use deparse(substitute()) trick which I found in example section of ?substitute:

is.defined <- function(sym) {
  sym <- deparse(substitute(sym))
  env <- parent.frame()
  exists(sym, env)
}

is.defined(a)
# FALSE
a <- 10
is.defined(a)
# TRUE