实现一个数学考试程序（使用异常处理机制处理可能出现的异常）。要求如下：
1、设计图形界面程序；
2、随机出题，进行100以内的四则运算，每次考试限时5分钟；
3、每次出10题，回答后提交，显示出错题目及回答正确率；
4、可以保存考试历史记录，并能调出查看。
package mathtest;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Container;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.Timer;
/**
@author xxx [hushaorei@163.com]
*/
public class MathTest implements ActionListener {
private int totalTime = 5 * 60;//考试总用时，单位秒(可修改)
private Font defaltFont = new Font("微软雅黑",0,13);//(可修改)
private int questionCount = 10;//题目的数量(可修改)
private int TestLimit = 100;//限制在100以内运算(可修改)
private String gradeFileUrl = "classpath:/grade.txt";//成绩打印地址(可修改，可以为绝对路径)
private boolean canSubmit;//未答完能否提交，默认false不可提交(可修改)
private JFrame frame;
private Container contentPane;
private JLabel timeLabel;//显示时间
private Timer timer;//计时器
private String[] operators = new String[]{"＋","－","×","÷"};
private int testStatus = 0;//考试状态 0：未开始，1：正在考试，2结束
private Date startTime;//开始答题时间
private Date submitTime;//提交时间
private List questions = new ArrayList();
private Question currentQuestion;//当前显示试题
private JPanel panel;//显示运算区
private JLabel questionSort;//显示第几题
private JTextField firstNumField;//显示第一个数
private JLabel signLabel;//显示运算符
private JTextField secondNumField;//显示第二个数
private JLabel equalLabel;//显示等号
private JTextField resultNumField;//显示结果
private JPanel btnPanel;//显示按钮
private JButton preBtn;//上一题(或开始)
private JButton nextBtn;//下一题(或提交)
public MathTest() {
int width = 400;//界面宽度
int height = 200;//界面高度
frame = new JFrame("数学考试");
Toolkit toolkit = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit();
int x = (toolkit.getScreenSize().width - width) / 2;
int y = (toolkit.getScreenSize().height - height) / 2;
frame.setBounds(x, y, width, height);
frame.setResizable(false);
contentPane = frame.getContentPane();
contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 1, 0, 0));
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
init();
}
//获得显示剩余时间的字符串
public String getTimeString(int currentTime) {
int minute = currentTime / 60;
int second = currentTime % 60;
return (minute==0?"":minute+"分")+(second<10?("0"+second):second)+"秒";
}
private void init() {
timeLabel = new JLabel("剩余时间：" + getTimeString(totalTime), JLabel.CENTER);
panel = new JPanel();
questionSort = new JLabel("");
firstNumField = new JTextField();
firstNumField.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.CENTER);
firstNumField.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(90, 30));
firstNumField.setEditable(false);
firstNumField.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
signLabel = new JLabel("+");
secondNumField = new JTextField();
secondNumField.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.CENTER);
secondNumField.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(90, 30));
secondNumField.setEditable(false);
secondNumField.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
equalLabel = new JLabel("=");
resultNumField = new JTextField();
resultNumField.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.CENTER);
resultNumField.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(90, 30));
resultNumField.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
int temp = e.getKeyChar();
if (temp > 57 || temp < 48 || resultNumField.getText().length()>1) {
e.consume();
}
}
});
btnPanel = new JPanel();
btnPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 2, 0, 0));
preBtn = new JButton("开始考试");
preBtn.addActionListener(this);
preBtn.setFocusable(false);
nextBtn = new JButton("提交");
nextBtn.setFocusable(false);
nextBtn.addActionListener(this);
timer = new Timer(1000, this);
panel.add(questionSort);
panel.add(firstNumField);
panel.add(signLabel);
panel.add(secondNumField);
panel.add(equalLabel);
panel.add(resultNumField);
panel.setVisible(false);
btnPanel.add(preBtn);
btnPanel.add(nextBtn);
contentPane.add(timeLabel);
contentPane.add(panel);
contentPane.add(btnPanel);
setDefaultFont(defaltFont);
}
//设置默认字体样式
private void setDefaultFont(Font defaltFont) {
Field[] fields = this.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
try {
Container container = null;
field.setAccessible(true);
if (field.get(this) instanceof Container) {
container = (Container) field.get(this);
container.setFont(defaltFont);
}
field.setAccessible(false);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public void show() {
frame.setVisible(true);
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
Object obj = e.getSource();
if (obj == preBtn) {
if (testStatus == 0) {
startTest();
} else if (testStatus == 1) {
int sort = currentQuestion.getSort();
if (sort == 10) {
nextBtn.setText("下一题");
}
if (sort == 1) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "已经是第一题了！");
} else {
setResult();
currentQuestion = questions.get(sort - 2);
changeQuestion();//上一题
}
} else if (testStatus == 2) {
int confirm = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "是否进行下一场考试？");
if (confirm == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
questions.clear();
startTest();
}
}
} else if (obj == nextBtn) {
if (testStatus == 1) {
int sort = currentQuestion.getSort();
if (sort == 9) {
nextBtn.setText("提交");
} else if (sort == 10) {
setResult();
int count = 0;//未答的题目数量
for (Question question : questions) {
if (question.getResult() == null) {
count ++;
}
}
if (count > 0) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "您还有"+ count + "道题未答！");
if (! canSubmit) {
return;
}
}
int confirm = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "是否提交试卷？");
if (confirm == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION) {
submitAndPrintGrade();//提交打印成绩
}
return;
}
setResult();
currentQuestion = questions.get(sort);
changeQuestion();//下一题
} else if (testStatus == 0) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "考试还未开始！");
} else if (testStatus == 2) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "考试已经结束！");
}
} else if (obj == timer) {
timeLabel.setText("剩余时间：" + getTimeString(-- totalTime));
if (totalTime == 0) {
submitAndPrintGrade();
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "时间到，自动提交！");
}
}
}
private void submitAndPrintGrade() {
preBtn.setText("开始考试");
testStatus = 2;
submitTime = new Date();
timer.stop();
String fileUrl = null;
if (gradeFileUrl.startsWith("classpath:/")) {
String classPathUrl = this.getClass().getResource("/").getPath();
classPathUrl = classPathUrl.substring(1, classPathUrl.length());//去除第一个'/'
fileUrl = gradeFileUrl.replaceAll("classpath:", classPathUrl);
if (classPathUrl.contains("%")) {
System.err.println("路径中可能存在中文或空格！");
}
} else {
fileUrl = gradeFileUrl;
}
File gradeFile = new File(fileUrl);
if (! gradeFile.exists()) {
try {
gradeFile.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
PrintWriter writer = null;
try {
FileWriter fw = new FileWriter(gradeFile,true);
writer = new PrintWriter(fw);
String text = "------------------------------------------------------";
writer.println(text);
DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("YYYY年MM月dd日 HH时mm分ss秒");
text = "开始答题时间：" + df.format(startTime);
writer.println(text);
text = "结束答题时间：" + df.format(submitTime);
writer.println(text);
long usedTime = submitTime.getTime() - startTime.getTime();
long minutes = usedTime / 1000 / 60;
long seconds = (usedTime - minutes * 1000 * 60) / 1000;
long mseconds = usedTime - minutes * 1000 * 60 - seconds * 1000;
text = "总共用时：" + minutes + "分" + seconds + "秒" + mseconds + "毫秒";
writer.println(text);
int count = 0;//答对题目数
for (Question question : questions) {
if (question.getResult()!=null&&question.getResult()==question.getRealResult()) {
count++;
}
}
String accuracy = (int)(count*100/questionCount) + "%";//正确率
text = "共"+questionCount+"题，答对"+count+"道，答错"+(questionCount-count)
+"道，正确率："+ accuracy;
writer.println(text);
writer.println();
text = "序号\t题目\t\t正确答案\t批改";
writer.println(text);
for (int i = 1; i < questions.size()+1; i ++) {
Question q = questions.get(i-1);
String correct = (q.getResult()!=null&&q.getRealResult()==q.getResult())?"√":"×";
text = "第"+numStr(i)+"道：\t"+numStr(q.getFirstNum())+q.getOperator()
+numStr(q.getSecondNum())+" = "+(q.getResult()==null?"未答":numStr(q.getResult()))+"\t"+
numStr(q.getRealResult())+"\t"+correct;
writer.println(text);
}
text = "------------------------------------------------------";
writer.println(text);
writer.println();
writer.flush();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (writer != null)writer.close();
}
}
private String numStr(int number) {
return number }
//开始考试
private void startTest() {
//先初始化题目
for (int i = 0; i //随机0-3，得到运算符
String operator = operators[(int)(Math.random()*4)];
//随机第一个数0-99
int firstNum = (int)(Math.random()*TestLimit);
//随机第二个数0-99
int secondNum = (int)(Math.random()*TestLimit);
Integer result = null;
if ("＋".equals(operator)) {
result = firstNum + secondNum;
while (result >= 100) {
firstNum = (int)(Math.random()*TestLimit);
secondNum = (int)(Math.random()*TestLimit);
result = firstNum + secondNum;
}
} else if ("－".equals(operator)) {
if (firstNum < secondNum) {
int temp = firstNum;
firstNum = secondNum;
secondNum = temp;
}
result = firstNum - secondNum;
} else if ("×".equals(operator)) {
result = firstNum * secondNum;
while (result >= 100) {
firstNum = (int)(Math.random()*TestLimit);
secondNum = (int)(Math.random()*TestLimit);
result = firstNum * secondNum;
}
} else if ("÷".equals(operator)) {
while (secondNum == 0) {
secondNum = (int)(Math.random()*(TestLimit-1)+1);
}
result = firstNum % secondNum;
while (result != 0) {
firstNum = (int)(Math.random()*(TestLimit-1)+1);
secondNum = (int)(Math.random()*(TestLimit-1)+1);
result = firstNum % secondNum;
}
result = firstNum / secondNum;
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("不支持的运算符：" + operator);
}
Question question = new Question();
question.setSort(i + 1);
question.setFirstNum(firstNum);
question.setSecondNum(secondNum);
question.setOperator(operator);
question.setRealResult(result);
questions.add(question);
}
testStatus = 1;//状态改为正在考试
currentQuestion = questions.get(0);
changeQuestion();
panel.setVisible(true);
preBtn.setText("上一题");
nextBtn.setText("下一题");
timer.start();//计时器开始
startTime = new Date();//开始时间
}
//设置显示题目
private void changeQuestion() {
int sort = currentQuestion.getSort();
questionSort.setText("第"+(sort<10?("0"+sort):(sort+""))+"题：");
firstNumField.setText(currentQuestion.getFirstNum()+"");
signLabel.setText(currentQuestion.getOperator());
Integer result = currentQuestion.getResult();
if (result == null) {
resultNumField.setText("");
} else {
resultNumField.setText(result.toString());
}
secondNumField.setText(currentQuestion.getSecondNum()+"");
}
//将输入框的结果设置进question
private void setResult() {
if (!"".equals(resultNumField.getText().trim())) {
currentQuestion.setResult(Integer.parseInt(resultNumField.getText().trim()));
} else {
currentQuestion.setResult(null);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MathTest().show();
}
}
class Question {
private int sort;//第几道题
private int firstNum;
private int secondNum;
private String operator;//运算符
private Integer result;//输入的答案
private int realResult;//真正答案
public int getSort() {
return sort;
}
public void setSort(int sort) {
this.sort = sort;
}
public int getFirstNum() {
return firstNum;
}
public void setFirstNum(int firstNum) {
this.firstNum = firstNum;
}
public int getSecondNum() {
return secondNum;
}
public void setSecondNum(int secondNum) {
this.secondNum = secondNum;
}
public String getOperator() {
return operator;
}
public void setOperator(String operator) {
this.operator = operator;
}
public Integer getResult() {
return result;
}
public void setResult(Integer result) {
this.result = result;
}
public int getRealResult() {
return realResult;
}
public void setRealResult(int realResult) {
this.realResult = realResult;
}
}
无聊花了半天写的，不涉及客户端服务端，数据库就更没有了，就写个文件记录，太费劲，不值当，总共就两个类。
小伙伴可以自己修改一些参数，本来想弄个配置文件，想想就这么点东西，还是不弄了。
这道题目有点难，在假定我有必需有的资源条件下（服务器at least)，我需要三天时间完成。项目大致分为三部分，client端的实现，数据库索引的实现，如果用户人数为一人，则使用并行机制处理，如果用户人数为多人，则使用并发机制处理。
参考下这个：https://blog.csdn.net/yogima/article/details/80552982
稍微修改下应该就能满足你的要求了。你遇到问题再问。