warning: bash-4.2.46-28.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
filesystem < 3 conflicts with bash-4.2.46-28.el7.x86_64

# 不太了解这filesystem<3是什么问题

你是不是安装了旧版本的GPG keys。
rpm -import RPM-RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release