#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <vector>
#include <math.h>
#include <bitset>
#include <algorithm>
#include <climits>
using namespace std;
#define ls 2*i
#define rs 2*i+1
#define UP(i,x,y) for(i=x;i<=y;i++)
#define DOWN(i,x,y) for(i=x;i>=y;i--)
#define MEM(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))
#define W(a) while(a)
#define gcd(a,b) __gcd(a,b)
#define LL long long
#define N 100005
#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f
#define EXP 1e-8
#define rank rank1
const int mod = 1000000007;
int t,n;
int a[N],f[N][2];//f[i][0]=1代表向前移动一个,f[i][1]=1代表向后移动一个,
LL sum;
int main()
{
int i,j,k;
scanf("%d",&t);
while(t--)
{
scanf("%d",&n);
sum = 0;
MEM(f,0);
for(i = 0; i<n; i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
sum+=a[i];
}
if(sum%n)
{
printf("NO\n");
continue;
}
sum/=n;
for(i = 0; i<n; i++)
a[i]-=sum;
for(i = 0; i<2*n; i++)
{
int x = i%n;
int y = (i+1)%n;
if(a[x]>0&&a[y]<=0&&!f[x][1])//x向后移动一个
{
a[x]--;
a[y]++;
if(!f[y][0]) f[x][1] = 1;//y并没有向前移则可以向后移
else f[x][1] = f[y][0] = 0;//否则两两抵消
}
else if(a[y]>=0&&a[x]<0&&!f[y][0])
{
a[x]++;
a[y]--;
if(!f[x][1]) f[y][0] = 1;
else f[x][1] = f[y][0] = 0;
}
}
int flag = 1,cnt = 0;
for(i = 0; i<n; i++)
{
if(a[i])
{
flag = 0;
break;
}
cnt+=f[i][0]+f[i][1];
}
if(n==2&&cnt==2)
flag = 0;
if(flag)
{
printf("YES\n%d\n",cnt);
for(i = 1; i<=n; i++)
{
int x = i-1;
int y = i+1;
if(x == 0)
x = n;
if(y == n+1)
y = 1;
if(f[i-1][0]) printf("%d %d\n",i,x);
if(f[i-1][1]) printf("%d %d\n",i,y);
}
}
else
printf("NO\n");
}
return 0;
}
https://blog.csdn.net/queuelovestack/article/details/47344537