ios客户端和服务器通信时
都有那些方法？那种比较好用或最常用的？
ios设备的网络通信的方法，有如下两个大类：
1、使用socket的方式进行通信。
2、使用asynsocket类库进行通信。
两种方法当中，我觉得asynsocket更好，因为是别人已经封装好的类库，比较稳定。但是对于直接使用socket的通信方法我倒是觉得很灵活。因为控制都是自己在做的事情。
先列举集中不同的使用方法：
1、直接使用socket的方式。
以 TCP为利，对于TCP来说，是要区分服务端和客户端的。服务端：通常的方法是服务端启动后监听，是否有客户端连接，如果有连接，则建立与客户端的通信。客户端的方法通常是连接服务端，当连接成功之后，就希望发送数据了。
客户端：
CFSocketContext sockContext ;
CFSocketRef cfsock ;
sockContext.info = self;
sockContext.copyDescription = 0;
cfsock = CFSocketCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,
PF_INET,
SOCK_STREAM,
IPPROTO_TCP,
kCFSocketConnectCallBack,
MyCallBack,
&sockContext
);
// 这个地方是个关键的地方，就是建立一个ip地址，然后使的客户端可以向服务端发起连接。
NSString *strAddress = @"192.168.1.1";
if (cfsock != nil) {
struct sockaddr_in addr4;
memset(&addr4,0,sizeof(addr4));
addr4.sin_len = sizeof(addr4);
addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr4.sin_port = htons(1230);
addr4.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( [strAddress UTF8String] );
CFDataRef address = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (UInt8*)&addr4, sizeof(addr4));
CFSocketConnectToAddress(cfsock, address, -1);
}
// 发起连接之后，需要将runloop的过程，也就是消息的过程加入到当前线程当中。这样当有事件发生时，会调用对应的方法。
CFRunLoopRef crun = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();// CFRunLoopGetMain();
CFRunLoopSourceRef source = CFSocketCreateRunLoopSource(kCFAllocatorDefault, cfsock, 0);
CFRunLoopAddSource(crun, source, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
CFRelease(source);
回调函数：当连接成功之后的处理如下：
static void MyCallBack (
CFSocketRef s,
CFSocketCallBackType callbackType,
CFDataRef address,
const void *data,
void *info
)
{
if (data!=NULL) {
NSLog(@"传输失败!");
}
SocketTestAppDelegate client = (SocketTestAppDelegate)info;
[client performSelectoInBackground:@selector(readstream) withObject:nil];
}
-(void) readstream
{
char buffer[1024];
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
while (recv(CFSocketGetNative(cfsock),buffer,sizeof(buffer),0)) {
}
[pool release];
}
// 如果希望直接向服务器写内容的话，采用如下的方法。
-(void) sendstream
{
NSString * stringtosend = @"hello everyone";
const char *data = [stringtosend UTF8String];
send(CFSocketGetNative(cfsock),data,strlen(data)+1,0);
}
服务器端的程序：
CFSocketRef socketserver;
int setupSocket()
{
socketserver =CFSocketCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,IPPROTO_TCP,kCFSocketAcceptCallBack,myaccept,NULL);
int optval =1;
setsockopt(CFSocketGetNative(socketserver), SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (void*)&optval,sizeof(optval));
struct sockaddr_in addr4;
memset(&addr4,0,sizeof(addr4));
addr4.sin_len = sizeof(addr4);
addr4.sin_family = AF_INET;
addr4.sin_port = htons(10);
addr4.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
CFDataRef address = CFDataCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, (UInt8*)&addr4, sizeof(addr4));
CFSocketSetAddress(socketserver, address);
CFRunLoopRef cfRunloop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();
CFRunLoopSourceRef source = CFSocketCreateRunLoopSource(kCFAllocatorDefault, socketserver, 0);
CFRunLoopAddSource(cfRunloop, source, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
CFRelease(source);
}
//服务端的socket建立之后，就需要接受client的连接，因此建立连接的回调函数。
static void myaccept (
CFSocketRef s,
CFSocketCallBackType callbackType,
CFDataRef address,
const void *data,
void *info
)
{
if (callbackType == kCFSocketAcceptCallBack) {
// 如果对端连接成功的话，是可以获取对端的名称和socket的。
CFSocketNativeHandle nativesockethandle = (CFSocketNativeHandle)data;
uint8_t name[100];
socklen_t namelen = 100;
getpeername(nativesockethandle, (struct sockaddr *)name, &namelen);
//除此以外，更重要的是获取输入流 和 输出流，
CFReadStreamRef iStream;
CFWriteStreamRef oStream;
// 创建一个可读写的socket连接
CFStreamCreatePairWithSocket(kCFAllocatorDefault, nativesockethandle, &iStream, &oStream);
CFStreamClientContext streamcontext={
0,NULL,NULL,NULL
};
// 注册两种事件！
CFReadStreamSetClient(iStream, kCFStreamEventHasBytesAvailable, readStream, &streamcontext);
CFReadStreamSetClient(iStream, kCFStreamEventCanAcceptBytes, writeStream, &streamcontext);
//加入到循环当中！
CFReadStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(iStream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(),kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
CFWriteStreamScheduleWithRunLoop(oStream, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(),kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
CFReadStreamOpen(iStream);
CFWriteStreamOpen(oStream);
}
}
void readStream(CFReadStreamRef stream,CFStreamEventType eventType, void *clientCallBackInfo) {
UInt8 buff[255];
CFReadStreamRead(stream, buff, 255);
printf("received: %s", buff);
}
void writeStream (CFWriteStreamRef stream, CFStreamEventType eventType, void *clientCallBackInfo) {
// outputStream = stream;
char *str = "nihao";
CFWriteStreamWrite(outputStream, str, strlen(line) + 1);
}
另一种方法是使用NSStream的方式构建客户端，然后发送和接受内容。
-(void)startClient
{
host
= [NSHosthostWithAddress:@"192.168.201.24"];//hostWithName:@"www.apple.com"];
[NSStreamgetStreamsToHost:host
port:4242 inputStream:&inStream outputStream:&outStream];
if((inStream
== nil)
|| (outStream == nil))
{
NSLog(@"Error:
Failed to create streams!")
;
[selfrelease];
}
}
(void)stream:(NSStream*)aStream
handleEvent:(NSStreamEvent)eventCode
{
switch(eventCode)
{
caseNSStreamEventHasBytesAvailable:
{
NSMutableData*input
= [[NSMutableDataalloc]
init];
uint8_t
buffer[1024];
intlen;
while([inStream
hasBytesAvailable])
{
len
= [inStream read:buffer maxLength:sizeof(buffer)];
if(len
0)
{
[input
appendBytes:buffer length:len];
}
}
self._resultdata
= input;
self._resultstring
= [[NSStringalloc]
initWithData:input encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
[input
release];
break;
}
caseNSStreamEventEndEncountered:
[selfcloseStream];
break;
caseNSStreamEventHasSpaceAvailable:
caseNSStreamEventErrorOccurred:
{
NSLog(@"Error:%@:%@",[[aStream
streamError] code], [[aStream streamError] localizedDescription]);
}
caseNSStreamEventOpenCompleted:
caseNSStreamEventNone:
default:
break;
}
}
-(void)closeStream{
[inStream
close];
[outStream
close];
[inStream
removeFromRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
[outStream
removeFromRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
[inStream
setDelegate:nil];
[outStream
setDelegate:nil];
[inStream
release];
[outStream
release];
inStream
= nil;
outStream
= nil;
}
-(void)openStream{
[inStream
retain];
[outStream
retain];
[inStream
setProperty:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelSSLv3forKey:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelKey];
[outStream
setProperty:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelSSLv3forKey:NSStreamSocketSecurityLevelKey];
NSMutableDictionary*
sslSettings;
sslSettings
= [NSMutableDictionarydictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)kCFBooleanFalse,kCFStreamSSLValidatesCertificateChain,kCFBooleanFalse,kCFStreamSSLIsServer,nil];
CFWriteStreamSetProperty((CFWriteStreamRef)outStream,
kCFStreamPropertySSLSettings, sslSettings);
[inStream
setDelegate:self];
[outStream
setDelegate:self];
[inStream
scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
[outStream
scheduleInRunLoop:[NSRunLoopcurrentRunLoop]
forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
[inStream
open];
[outStream
open];
}
-(int)writeString:
(NSString*)
string
{
NSData*messageAsData
= [string dataUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding];
return[outStream
write: (c*****t uint8_t *) [messageAsData bytes] maxLength: [messageAsData length]];
}
-(int)writeBytes:
(char*)
buffer length: (unsigned int)
len
{
return[outStream
write: (c*****t uint8_t *) buffer maxLength: len];
}
@end
转自：http://blog.csdn.net/dongdongdongjl/article/details/7776377
来一个笼统的回答，通过网络。
看你时是否需要实时通讯
获取数据提交数据可以直接调用html、webservice
被动接受可以用推送
如果是聊天复杂些，可以看看xmpp