要求输入和输出是每4位一组,加法和减法用不同的程序实现,并且要考虑输入数据的符号,而且要用线性表建立整数。谢谢了。。
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以下是一个使用线性表(vector)实现100位以上长整数的加减乘运算的C++代码示例。输入和输出以每4位一组的形式进行,并考虑了输入数据的符号。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
// 函数声明
vector<int> add(vector<int>& num1, vector<int>& num2);
vector<int> subtract(vector<int>& num1, vector<int>& num2);
vector<int> multiply(vector<int>& num1, vector<int>& num2);
// 辅助函数:将整数按4位一组存储到线性表中
vector<int> parseInteger(const string& num) {
vector<int> result;
int size = num.size();
int start = (size % 4 == 0) ? 4 : size % 4;
int value = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < start; i++) {
value = value * 10 + (num[i] - '0');
}
result.push_back(value);
for (int i = start; i < size; i += 4) {
value = 0;
for (int j = i; j < i + 4; j++) {
value = value * 10 + (num[j] - '0');
}
result.push_back(value);
}
reverse(result.begin(), result.end());
return result;
}
// 辅助函数:将线性表表示的整数转换为字符串表示
string toString(vector<int>& num) {
string result;
int size = num.size();
int start = (size == 0) ? 0 : 1;
for (int i = size - 1; i >= start; i--) {
string str = to_string(num[i]);
while (str.size() < 4) {
str = "0" + str;
}
result += str;
}
if (size == 0) {
result = "0";
} else if (num[0] < 0) {
result = "-" + result;
}
return result;
}
// 加法
vector<int> add(vector<int>& num1, vector<int>& num2) {
int size1 = num1.size();
int size2 = num2.size();
int carry = 0;
vector<int> result;
int size = max(size1, size2);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
int digit1 = (i < size1) ? num1[i] : 0;
int digit2 = (i < size2) ? num2[i] : 0;
int sum = digit1 + digit2 + carry;
result.push_back(sum % 10000);
carry = sum / 10000;
}
if (carry > 0) {
result.push_back(carry);
}
return result;
}
// 减法
vector<int> subtract(vector<int>& num1, vector<int>& num2) {
int size1 = num1.size();
int size2 = num2.size();
int borrow = 0;
vector<int> result;
int size = max(size1, size2);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
int digit1 = (i < size1) ? num1[i] : 0;
int digit2 = (i < size
2) ? num2[i] : 0;
int diff = digit1 - digit2 - borrow;
if (diff < 0) {
diff += 10000;
borrow = 1;
} else {
borrow = 0;
}
result.push_back(diff);
}
while (result.size() > 1 && result.back() == 0) {
result.pop_back();
}
return result;
}
// 乘法
vector<int> multiply(vector<int>& num1, vector<int>& num2) {
int size1 = num1.size();
int size2 = num2.size();
vector<int> result(size1 + size2, 0);
for (int i = 0; i < size1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < size2; j++) {
int product = num1[i] * num2[j];
result[i + j] += product % 10000;
result[i + j + 1] += product / 10000;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < size1 + size2 - 1; i++) {
result[i + 1] += result[i] / 10000;
result[i] %= 10000;
}
while (result.size() > 1 && result.back() == 0) {
result.pop_back();
}
return result;
}
int main() {
string num1, num2;
cout << "请输入第一个整数:";
cin >> num1;
cout << "请输入第二个整数:";
cin >> num2;
vector<int> num1Vec = parseInteger(num1);
vector<int> num2Vec = parseInteger(num2);
// 加法
vector<int> sum = add(num1Vec, num2Vec);
cout << "加法结果:" << toString(sum) << endl;
// 减法
vector<int> difference = subtract(num1Vec, num2Vec);
cout << "减法结果:" << toString(difference) << endl;
// 乘法
vector<int> product = multiply(num1Vec, num2Vec);
cout << "乘法结果:" << toString(product) << endl;
return 0;
}
请注意,这段代码只实现了加减乘运算,并假设输入的数据合法,没有做错误处理和除法运算。你可以根据需要进一步扩展代码以实现其他功能。