1、问题描述 定义图书类，属性有：书名、出版社、ISBN号、作者、库存量、价格等信息和相关的对属性做操作的行为。 主要完成对图书的销售、统计和图书的简单管理。 2、功能要求 （1）销售功能。购买书籍时，输入相应的ISBN号，并在书库中查找该书的相关信息。如果有库存量，输入购买的册数，进行相应计算。如果库存量不够，给出提示信息，结束购买。 （2）图书简单管理功能。 添加功能：主要完成图书信息的添加，要求ISBN号唯一。当添加了重复的编号时，则提示数据添加重复并取消添加。 查询功能：可按书名、ISBN号、作者、出版社进行查询。若存在相应信息，输出所查询的信息，若不存在该记录，则提示“该标题不存在！”。 修改功能：可根据查询结果对相应的记录进行修改，修改时注意ISBN号的唯一性。 删除功能：主要完成图书信息的删除。输入要删除的ISBN号，根据编号删除该物品的记录，如果该编号不在物品库中，则提示“该编号不存在”。 （3）统计功能。 输出当前书库中所有图书的总数及详细信息；可按书的价格、库存量、作者、出版社进行统计，输出统计信息时，要按从大到小进行排序。 （7）图书存盘：将当前程序中的图书信息存入文件中。 （8）读出信息：从文件中将图书信息读入程序。代码先贴这，你测试一下：
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
#define N 300//最多保存数
class book//图书类
{
public:
string name;//书名
string pub;//出版社
string ISBN;
string author;//作者
int count;
float price;
void input(string n, string p, string i, string a, int c, float pr )//输入信息到图书类
{
name = n;
pub = p;
ISBN = i;
author = a;
count = c;
price = pr;
}
void show()//显示信息
{
cout<< "书名：" << name
<< " 出版社：" << pub
<< " ISBN号：" << ISBN
<< " 作者：" << author
<< " 库存：" << count
<< " 价格：" << price << endl;
}
void input(ifstream & is)//从文件读取类成员变量
{
is >> name >> pub >> ISBN >> author >> count >> price;
}
void output(ofstream & os)//存书籍类成员变量到文件
{
os << name
<< " " << pub
<< " " << ISBN
<< " " << author
<< " " << count
<< " " << price << endl;
}
};
class bookmanage//图书管理类
{
book m_book[N];
int m_count;
public:
bookmanage(){ m_count = 0; }//构造函数
int bookexist(string ISBN)
{
int ret = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
if (ISBN == m_book[i].ISBN)//找到相同号
{
ret = i;
break;
}
}
return ret;
}
void insert(string n, string p, string i, string a, int c, float pr)//添加
{
m_book[m_count].input(n, p, i, a, c, pr);
m_count++;
}
void del(int index)
{
for (int i = index; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i] = m_book[i+1];
}
m_count--;
}
void modify(int index, string n, string p, string i, string a, int c, float pr)//修改
{
m_book[index].input(n, p, i, a, c, pr);
}
bool searchname(string name)//根据书名查找
{
bool ret = false;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
if (name == m_book[i].name)
{
m_book[i].show();
ret = true;
}
}
return ret;
}
bool searchpub(string pub)//根据作==出版社查找
{
bool ret = false;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
if (pub == m_book[i].pub)
{
m_book[i].show();
ret = true;
}
}
return ret;
}
bool searchISBN(string ISBN)//根据ISBN查找
{
bool ret = false;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
if (ISBN == m_book[i].ISBN)
{
m_book[i].show();
ret = true;
}
}
return ret;
}
bool searchauthor(string author)//根据作者查找
{
bool ret = false;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
if (author == m_book[i].author)
{
m_book[i].show();
ret = true;
}
}
return ret;
}
bool sortprice()
{
if(m_count==0) return false;
int i,j;
book t;
for (i=0;i<m_count-1;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<m_count-i-1;j++)
{
if (m_book[j].price<m_book[j+1].price)
{
t=m_book[j];
m_book[j] = m_book[j+1];
m_book[j+1] = t;
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].show();
}
return true;
}
bool sortcount()
{
if(m_count==0) return false;
int i,j;
book t;
for (i=0;i<m_count-1;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<m_count-i-1;j++)
{
if (m_book[j].count<m_book[j+1].count)
{
t=m_book[j];
m_book[j] = m_book[j+1];
m_book[j+1] = t;
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].show();
}
return true;
}
bool sortauthor()
{
if(m_count==0) return false;
int i,j;
book t;
for (i=0;i<m_count-1;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<m_count-i-1;j++)
{
if (m_book[j].author<m_book[j+1].author)
{
t=m_book[j];
m_book[j] = m_book[j+1];
m_book[j+1] = t;
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].show();
}
return true;
}
bool sortpub()
{
if(m_count==0) return false;
int i,j;
book t;
for (i=0;i<m_count-1;i++)
{
for (j=0;j<m_count-i-1;j++)
{
if (m_book[j].pub<m_book[j+1].pub)
{
t=m_book[j];
m_book[j] = m_book[j+1];
m_book[j+1] = t;
}
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].show();
}
return true;
}
bool show()//显示全部图书
{
if(m_count==0) return false;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].show();
}
return true;
}
bool buybook(int index, int c)//购书
{
if(m_book[index].count<c) return false;
m_book[index].count -= c;
return true;
}
void save(string filename)//存全部图书到文件
{
ofstream write(filename.c_str(), ios::out);
write << m_count << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].output(write);
}
write.close();
}
void load(string filename)//从文件读取全部图书信息
{
ifstream read(filename.c_str(), ios::in);
if (read.peek() == EOF)
{
read.close();
return;
}
read >> m_count;
for (int i = 0; i < m_count; i++)
{
m_book[i].input(read);
}
read.close();
}
};
void searcbook(bookmanage manage)
{
string name;//书名
string pub;//出版社
string ISBN;
string author;//作者
char n;
int k = 1;
while (k == 1)
{
system("cls");
cout << "图书管理" << endl;
cout<< "1 根据书名查找" << endl
<< "2 根据ISBN查找" << endl
<< "3 根据作者查找" << endl
<< "4 根据出版社查找" << endl
<< "0 返回" << endl
<< "选择:";
cin >> n;
switch (n)
{
case 1:
cout << "输入书名：";
cin >> name;
if(!manage.searchname(name)) cout << "该标题不存在！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 2:
cout << "输入出版社：";
cin >> pub;
if(!manage.searchname(pub)) cout << "该标题不存在！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;;
case 3:
cout << "输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
if(!manage.searchname(ISBN)) cout << "该标题不存在！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 4:
cout << "输入作者：";
cin >> author;
if(!manage.searchname(author)) cout << "该标题不存在！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 0:
k = 0;
break;
default:
cout<<"选择错误，请重新输入"<<endl;
break;
}
}
}
void bookmemu(bookmanage &manage)
{
string name;//书名
string pub;//出版社
string ISBN;
string author;//作者
int count;
float price;
char n;
int index;
int k = 1;
while (k == 1)
{
system("cls");
cout << "图书管理" << endl;
cout<< "1 图书基本信息录入" << endl
<< "2 图书基本信息显示" << endl
<< "3 图书基本信息删除" << endl
<< "4 图书基本信息修改" << endl
<< "5 图书基本信息查询" << endl
<< "0 返回" << endl
<< "选择:";
cin >> n;
switch (n)
{
case 1:
cout << "请输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
index = manage.bookexist(ISBN);
if (index == -1)
{
cout << "请输入出版社：";
cin >> pub;
cout << "请输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
cout << "请输入作者：";
cin >> author;
cout << "请输入库存量：";
cin >> count;
cout << "请输入买入价格：";
cin >> price;
manage.insert(name, pub, ISBN, author, count, price);
}
else cout << "该编号已存在" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 2:
manage.show();
system("pause");
break;;
case 3:
cout << "请输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
index = manage.bookexist(ISBN);
if (index != -1) manage.del(index);
else cout << "该编号不存在" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 4:
cout << "请输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
index = manage.bookexist(ISBN);
if (index != -1)
{
cout << "请输入出版社：";
cin >> pub;
cout << "请输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
cout << "请输入作者：";
cin >> author;
cout << "请输入库存量：";
cin >> count;
cout << "请输入买入价格：";
cin >> price;
manage.modify(index, name, pub, ISBN, author, count, price);
}
else cout << "该编号不存在" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 5:
searcbook(manage);
system("pause");
break;
case 0:
k = 0;
break;
default:
cout<<"选择错误，请重新输入"<<endl;
break;
}
}
}
void statistics(bookmanage manage)
{
char n;
int k = 1;
while (k == 1)
{
system("cls");
cout << "图书统计" << endl;
cout<< "1 根据价格统计" << endl
<< "2 根据库存统计" << endl
<< "3 根据作者统计" << endl
<< "4 根据出版社统计" << endl
<< "0 返回" << endl
<< "选择:";
cin >> n;
switch (n)
{
case 1:
if(!manage.sortprice()) cout << "未录入图书！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 2:
if(!manage.sortcount()) cout << "未录入图书！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;;
case 3:
if(!manage.sortauthor()) cout << "未录入图书！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 4:
if(!manage.sortpub()) cout << "未录入图书！"<<endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 0:
k = 0;
break;
default:
cout<<"选择错误，请重新输入"<<endl;
break;
}
}
}
int main()
{
bookmanage manage;
manage.load("book.txt");
string name;//书名
string pub;//出版社
string ISBN;
string author;//作者
int count;
int n;
int index;
int k = 1;
while (k == 1)
{
system("cls");
cout << "图书管理系统" << endl;
cout<< "1 管理图书" << endl
<< "2 销售图书" << endl
<< "3 统计图书" << endl
<< "0 退出系统" << endl
<< "选择:";
cin >> n;
switch (n)
{
case 1:
bookmemu(manage);
system("pause");
break;
case 2:
cout << "请输入ISBN：";
cin >> ISBN;
index = manage.bookexist(ISBN);
if (index != -1)
{
cout << "请输入购买数量：";
cin >> count;
if(manage.buybook(index, count)) cout << "购买成功" << endl;
else cout << "库存不足" << endl;
}
else cout << "该编号不存在" << endl;
system("pause");
break;
case 3:
statistics(manage);
break;
case 0:
k = 0;
break;
default:
cout<<"选择错误，请重新输入"<<endl;
break;
}
}
manage.save("book.txt");
return 0;
}