我如何知道net / http的ResponseWriter.Write（）是否已被调用？

Suppose I have a chain of net/http Handlers, and an early one responds with an HTTP error (http.StatusInternalServerError, for instance). How can I detect this in the following handlers, and avoid sending additional data to the client?

Or is this entirely the wrong approach to the problem?

http.ResponseWriter is an interface. So just compose a new instance of it:

type MyResponseWriter struct {
    http.ResponseWriter
    WroteHeader bool
}

func (w *MyResponseWriter) Write(b []byte) (int, error) {
    w.WroteHeader = true
    return w.ResponseWriter.Write(b)
}

func (w *MyResponseWriter) WriteHeader(code int) {
    w.WroteHeader = true
    w.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(code)
}

And in your handlers:

//...
if w, ok := w.(*MyResponseWriter); ok && w.WroteHeader {
    log.Println("Already wrote, skipping")
    return
}

EDIT: Another thing to consider. Most of the time if you have a "chain" of handlers that means that a handler is called inside a handler. So if you have something like

type Handler1 struct { http.Handler }
type Handler2 struct { http.Handler }
type Handler3 struct { http.Handler }
var MyHandler http.Handler = Handler1{Handler2{Handler3{h}}}

as long as each of those call the inner handler as the last thing they do with w and r, you should be fine because then w and r won't even reach the inner handler. E.g.

func (h Handler2) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if somethingBadHappened() {
        w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }
    h.ServeHTTP(w, r) // Not called if somethingBadHappened().
}

First: a lighter-weight solution may exist.

However, if you cannot find one, consider using x/net/context to allow you to implement timeouts, deadlines, and of course, early termination of middleware chains.