如何使用Go来获取shell脚本？

I want to source shell scripts using Go. Ideally the following code

cmd := exec.Command("/bin/bash", "source", file.Name())

but, I know that "source" is a bash built-in function, not an executable.

However, I have found some ways to mimic this behavior in Python:

http://pythonwise.blogspot.fr/2010/04/sourcing-shell-script.html

Unfortunately, I don't know how to translate this in Go. Does anyone have an idea ?

Thanks !

You can set environmental variables when running a program using exec:

cmd := exec.Command("whatever")
cmd.Env = []string{"A=B"}
cmd.Run()

If you really need source then you can run your command through bash:

cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", "source " + file.Name() + " ; echo 'hi'")
cmd.Run()

Check out this library for a more full-featured workflow: https://github.com/progrium/go-basher.

Update: Here's an example that modifies the current environment:

package main

import (
    "bufio"
    "bytes"
    "io/ioutil"
    "log"
    "os"
    "os/exec"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    err := ioutil.WriteFile("example_source", []byte("export FOO=bar; echo $FOO"), 0777)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }

    cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", "source example_source ; echo '<<<ENVIRONMENT>>>' ; env")
    bs, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalln(err)
    }
    s := bufio.NewScanner(bytes.NewReader(bs))
    start := false
    for s.Scan() {
        if s.Text() == "<<<ENVIRONMENT>>>" {
            start = true
        } else if start {
            kv := strings.SplitN(s.Text(), "=", 2)
            if len(kv) == 2 {
                os.Setenv(kv[0], kv[1])
            }
        }
    }
}

log.Println(os.Getenv("FOO"))

I have recently added such a utility function to my shell/bash Golang library:

https://godoc.org/mvdan.cc/sh/shell#SourceFile

For example, you could do:

vars, err := shell.SourceFile("foo.sh")
if err != nil { ... }
fmt.Println(vars["URL"].Value)
// http://the.url/value

It's decently safe, because it never actually calls bash nor any other program. It parses the shell script, then interprets it. But when interpreting, it has a whitelist of what files the script can open and what programs the script can execute.

The interpreter also has a context.Context, so you can set a timeout if you want to be protected against forever loops or other bad code.