创建调用图

I am looking for a possibility to generate a call graph for Go projects. Something similar to Doxygen's diagram functionality for C++ classes (with the option CALL_GRAPH=YES).

So far I found

http://saml.rilspace.org/profiling-and-creating-call-graphs-for-go-programs-with-go-tool-pprof
or
http://blog.golang.org/profiling-go-programs

This samples the call stack of your program 100 times per second while the program is running and creates a graph useful for profiling. If your program spends most of its time in functions not relevant to you, I found this solution not very usefull.

Then there is this:

https://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/go/callgraph/static

which from its description sounds like what I would need, but there seem to be no docs and I don't understand how to use it.

I also found

https://github.com/davecheney/graphpkg/blob/master/README.md
and
https://github.com/paetzke/go-dep-graph/blob/master/README.org

but they create only dependency graphs.

Take a look here: http://dave.cheney.net/2014/10/22/simple-profiling-package-moved-updated

func main() {
    defer profile.Start(profile.CPUProfile, profile.ProfilePath(".")).Stop()
    // Rest of program
}

Build and run your program as per normal. You'll see the profiling hook mentioned:

2015/07/12 09:02:02 profile: cpu profiling enabled, cpu.pprof

Run your program (bench it, run through it, etc) to generate the profile during runtime. Once you've hit what you want, quit and then generate the call-graph:

go tool pprof --pdf $YOURPROGBINARY cpu.pprof > cgraph.pdf

You can also run go tool pprof $YOURPROGBINARY cpu.pprof to get an interactive prompt where you can call top10 or web to generate an svg. Type help at the pprof prompt to get a list of commands.

e.g. - here's the CPU profile for a buffer pool implementation I wrote:

~/Desktop go tool pprof poolio cpu.pprof
Entering interactive mode (type "help" for commands)
(pprof) top5
24770ms of 35160ms total (70.45%)
Dropped 217 nodes (cum <= 175.80ms)
Showing top 5 nodes out of 74 (cum >= 650ms)
      flat  flat%   sum%        cum   cum%
   12520ms 35.61% 35.61%    12520ms 35.61%  runtime.mach_semaphore_wait
    9300ms 26.45% 62.06%     9360ms 26.62%  syscall.Syscall
    1380ms  3.92% 65.98%     2120ms  6.03%  encoding/json.(*encodeState).string
    1030ms  2.93% 68.91%     1030ms  2.93%  runtime.kevent
     540ms  1.54% 70.45%      650ms  1.85%  runtime.mallocgc

And here's a quick way to generate a PNG from the prompt:

(pprof) png > graph.png
Generating report in graph.png

Which outputs this:

You were close with …/x/tools/go/callgraph/static. I'm pretty sure go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/callgraph is what you want. Once installed run it without arguments to see it's full help/usage.

(In general, the things under …/x/tools/ are somewhat reusable packages with command line front-ends living under …/x/tools/cmd, you can install them all with go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/..., the literal /... matches all sub-packages).

E.g. running just callgraph produces usage output that starts with:

callgraph: display the the call graph of a Go program.

Usage:

callgraph [-algo=static|cha|rta|pta] [-test] [-format=...] <args>...

Flags:

-algo Specifies the call-graph construction algorithm, one of:

        static      static calls only (unsound)
        cha         Class Hierarchy Analysis
        rta         Rapid Type Analysis
        pta         inclusion-based Points-To Analysis

       The algorithms are ordered by increasing precision in their
       treatment of dynamic calls (and thus also computational cost).
       RTA and PTA require a whole program (main or test), and
       include only functions reachable from main.

-test Include the package's tests in the analysis.

-format Specifies the format in which each call graph edge is displayed. One of:

        digraph     output suitable for input to
                    golang.org/x/tools/cmd/digraph.
        graphviz    output in AT&T GraphViz (.dot) format.

It can produce arbitrary formatted output (using Go's template syntax) or graphviz or digraph output. The last is a tool you can install with go install golang.org/x/tools/cmd/digraph (and once again, full/help usage is seen by running it without arguments) and can answer queries about arbitrary directed graphs (including call graphs obviously).

I used golang callgraph recently, and I build a web tool with python + callgraph called CallingViewer here: https://github.com/fiefdx/CallingViewer , it maybe rough, but it work, the screenshot at below: screenshot of CallingViewer