I'm working with an OS X 10.6 Server running Apache2 / PHP5 and having a problem with PHP not resolving hostnames when 'fopen()' tries to retrieve a file from a remote server. When run in interactive mode on the command line 'fopen()' works perfectly. However, when run through the web it will always fail with the error:
failed to open stream: php_network_getaddresses: getaddrinfo failed: nodename nor servname provided, or not known
I'm at a loss in finding the source of this problem: 'fopen()' works on the web when given an IP address instead of a hostname; 'gethostbyname()' also fails when run on the web (it doesn't error, it just returns whatever hostname it was given to resolve) but also works fine when run in interactive mode. The only exception seems to be 'dns_get_record()' which works fine when run on the web or in interactive mode.
I've been trying to find DNS problems on the server but dig, nslookup, and ping all work and "scutil -r" says the remote server is reachable with the current DNS settings. Any ideas on where the problem might be?
You must set properly the allow_url_fopen value of your php.ini.
http://ar.php.net/manual/en/filesystem.configuration.php#ini.allow-url-fopen
Consider the CLI uses a different php.ini that the webserver (I assume you are using Apache).
Another option may be you are not including libnss_dns
Try adding to your httpd configuration (correct path as needed for you system):
LoadFile /lib/libnss_dns.so
Try to recompile PHP with '--disable-ipv6' option. Then, apachectl stop & start (not 'apachectl restart'). I've got the same error message on Mac OS 10.6.4 + manually compiled PHP5.3.3 + Apache2.2.16.
Disable IPv6 in your TCP/IP configuration in net preference.
What is the hostname you tried to resolve? I had the same problem with localhost.
This didn't worked and I got your Error. I changed the hostname to 127.0.0.1 than it worked. Not the best solution, but good for a workaround.
If you are are running PHP-FPM with chroot settings (as you should be) - then neither DNS nor mail will work.
Update Feb 2016
strace using gethostbyname only from the test-script @ https://knzl.de/setting-up-a-chroot-for-php/ solved dns for me in an Alpine Linux / nginx chroot. I also use the sh from this link with mini-sendmail to solve the mail problem.
An approximate list of files needed for DNS & Mail in a chroot
The following commands got DNS working for me with PHP5.5 on Debian (tested with the Joomla builtin update component):
#!/bin/sh
chroot=/var/www
domain=mydomain
webuser=www-data
webgroup=www-data
cd $chroot/$domain
mkdir etc
cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/
cp /etc/nsswitch.conf etc/
echo $(cat /etc/group|grep $webgroup) > etc/group
echo $(cat /etc/passwd|grep $webuser) > etc/passwd
cp /etc/services etc/
cp /etc/protocols etc/
cp /etc/host.conf etc/
cp /etc/hosts etc/
cp /etc/networks etc/
mkdir -p usr/bin
mkdir usr/sbin
cp /usr/sbin/ssmtp usr/sbin/
cp /usr/sbin/sendmail usr/sbin/
mkdir usr/share
cp -rf /usr/share/zoneinfo usr/share
mkdir lib
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_compat.so.2 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnsl.so.1 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_files.so.2 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcidn.so.1 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/ld-linux.so.2 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcrypt.so.1 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_nis.so.2 lib/
cp /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnss_dns.so.2 lib/
chown -R $webuser:$webgroup lib usr etc
service php5-fpm restart
I did not need /bin/sh or /usr/lib/locale
Same problem, different solution then the original poster. I was calling mysqli(...) to connect, but the URL I had for the server was wrong. So it doesn't always mean you are unable to do any DNS lookup, just that the server that it is not able to do that specific lookup (check your host!)